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2024 Supreme(Online)(KER) 6829

HIGH COURT OF KERALA
N. NAGARESH, J
JOFFIN JOSE – Appellant
Versus
INDIAN OVERSEAS BANK – Respondent
WP(C) 4617/2024



Advocates:
VINAYAK G MENON
ARUN CHAND BHARAT VIJAY P.
AAMIR SOHRAB
M. M. MINU VITTORRIA PAULSON
SUNIL SHANKAR
A VIDYA GANGADHARAN

High Courts should ordinarily not interfere in proceedings under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, under Article 226. Borrowers should approach the appropriate statutory forum, such as the Debts Recovery Tribunal, for relief.

Headnote:

SECURED LOANS - DEBT RECOVERY - COURT'S JURISDICTION - COURT'S INTERFERENCE IN PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE SECURITISATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND ENFORCEMENT OF SECURITY INTEREST ACT, 2002 - COURT'S DIRECTION TO DEFER COERCIVE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST THE BORROWER - CONDITIONS FOR DEFERMENT OF COERCIVE PROCEEDINGS - BORROWER'S OBLIGATION TO APPROACH THE DEBTS RECOVERY TRIBUNAL - SUBJECT TO ORDERS OF THE DEBTS RECOVERY TRIBUNAL

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner, who had availed financial assistance from the respondent-Bank, approached the court seeking a direction to the Bank to regularize the loan account and allow payment of overdue amounts in installments. The Bank had invoked provisions of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, and issued a possession notice under Section 13(4).

Finding of the Court:

The court held that ordinarily, High Courts should not interfere in matters of proceedings under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, under Article 226. The petitioner was advised to approach the appropriate statutory forum, in this case, the Debts Recovery Tribunal.

Issues: 1. Whether the High Court has jurisdiction to interfere in proceedings under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002?2. Whether the court can direct the Bank to defer coercive proceedings against the borrower?3. What conditions can be imposed for the deferment of coercive proceedings?4. Whether the borrower is obligated to approach the Debts Recovery Tribunal?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court relied on the principle that High Courts should generally refrain from interfering in proceedings under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, under Article 226.2. The court recognized that the petitioner had an alternate remedy by approaching the Debts Recovery Tribunal.3. The court imposed a condition that the petitioner must remit an amount of ₹20 lakhs within two weeks to defer coercive proceedings.4. The court directed the petitioner to approach the Debts Recovery Tribunal, and further proceedings would be subject to the orders passed by the Tribunal.

Final Decision: The court disposed of the writ petition by directing the respondents to defer coercive proceedings against the petitioner for two weeks, provided the petitioner remits ₹20 lakhs within that period. If the petitioner failed to do so, the respondents were at liberty to proceed against the petitioner. The petitioner was also directed to approach the Debts Recovery Tribunal, and further proceedings would be subject to the Tribunal's orders.

J U D G M E N T

Dated this the 20th day of February, 2024 The petitioner, who has availed financial assistances from the 1st respondent-Bank, has approached this Court seeking to direct the respondent-Bank to regularise the loan account of the petitioner after allowing him to pay the overdue amounts in instalments.

2. The petitioner states that he has availed a loan of ₹4.8 Crores from the 1st respondent-Bank and when the maintenance of the loan account defaulted, the Bank is proceeding against the petitioner's secured asset. The respondents have invoked provisions of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 and has issued Ext.P1 notice under Section 13(4). In the circumstances, the petitioner seeks to command the respondent-Bank not to proceed further under the Act, 2002 and to direct the respondents to defer all further proceedings against the secured assets pending disposal of the writ petition.

3. Standing Counsel entered appearance and resisted the writ petition. The Standing Counsel submitted that the petitioner was given a Cash Credit facility, ECLGS Loan and Term Loan amounting to about ₹4.8 Crores. The petitioner defaulted in maintaining the loan accounts and the total outstanding amount payable in these accounts as on 05.02.2024 is ₹3,34,79,904.70. Apart from the afore advances, the petitioner has also availed two Housing Loan advances where amounts are outstanding.

4. Standing Counsel further submitted that the petitioner has an alternate remedy as the proceedings are under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002. The writ petition is liable to be dismissed.

5. I have heard the learned Counsel for the petitioner and the learned Standing Counsel representing the respondents.

6. The petitioner is challenging Ext.P1. Ext.P1 is possession notice for immovable property. It has been issued invoking Rule 8(1) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002. The Hon'ble Apex Court has held that in the matter of proceedings under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, the High Courts under Article 226 shall not interfere in the matter ordinarily. The petitioners should be left to approach the appropriate statutory forum. The petitioner states that the petitioner is willing to go to the Debts Recovery Tribunal provided a breathing time is granted.

In the facts of the case, the writ petition is disposed of directing the respondents to defer coercive proceedings, if any, against the petitioner for a period of two weeks, in order to enable the petitioner to approach the Debts Recovery Tribunal and obtain orders, on condition that the petitioner remits an amount of ₹20 lakhs within a period of two weeks. If the petitioner fails to remit ₹20 lakhs within a period of two weeks, the respondents will be at liberty to proceed against the petitioner. If the petitioner approaches the Debts Recovery Tribunal, further proceedings will be subject to the orders passed by the Debts Recovery Tribunal.

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