SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2022 Supreme(Online)(KER) 275

HIGH COURT OF KERALA
M.R.ANITHA, J
RAJESH – Appellant
Versus
LATHA RAJU – Respondent
RP NO. 401 OF 2022 | RP NO. 405 OF 2022 | RSA 809/2013 | RSA 810/2013



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: AJITH VISWANATHAN
For the Respondents: V. RAJENDRAN

A document is void if executed based on a fraudulent misrepresentation about a person's existence, affecting legal rights and ownership.

Headnote:(A) Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - Sections 107 and 108 - Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order 47 Rule 1 - Review of judgment - The review petitioners contest the interpretation of a sale deed deemed void based on fraudulent misrepresentation about the subject's existence, anchored to well-established principles that a document can be void or voidable depending on the misrepresentation's nature. (Paras 11-23, 24-25)

(B) Error Apparent on the Face of Record - The court emphasizes review cannot equate to an appeal, and grounds must demonstrate errors outright, not differing judicial opinions. (Paras 12-15)

Facts of the case:
The review petitions arise from regular second appeals centered around a property dispute involving claims of trespass and wrongful sale deeds executed during presumed death. The plaintiffs sought an injunction and damages amid assertions about fraudulent misrepresentation in property transactions.

Findings of Court:
The court underscored that the fraudulent execution of the sale deed rendered it void due to the presumption of death utilized incorrectly in the transaction.

Issues: Whether the sale deed was void or voidable and if the review petition presented any actionable errors was critically examined.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that an erroneous finding, if it involves a fundamental misrepresentation about the subject's life, leads to a determination of the document as void.

Result: Review petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. review petitions filed against earlier judgments. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. dispute over property ownership and fraudulent sale. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. joint trial of related suits, judgment against plaintiffs. (Para 8 , 9)
4. review power is limited to material errors. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
5. established limits of review jurisdiction. (Para 14 , 15 , 16)
6. fraudulent misrepresentation defines document validity. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
7. execution of documents based on false premises is void. (Para 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
8. review petition denied; errors not evident. (Para 25)

ORDER

Review petitions have been filed against the common judgment in R.S.A.Nos.809/2013 and 810/2013 dated 17.11.2021. Those Regular Second Appeals were directed against the common judgment and decree dated 15.02.2013 in A.S.No.180/2007 and 181/2007 of the Sub Court, Perumbavoor which arose from the common judgment and decree dated 10.10.2002 in O.S.No.44/1997 and 112/1997 of the Munsiff's Court, Perumbavoor.

2. Appellants 2 to 4 in R.S.A.No.809/2013 filed R.P.No.401/2022. First appellant in R.S.A.No.809/2013 expired 5 in R.S.A.No.810 of 2013 pending the R.S.A. and the review petitioners are his legal heirs.

3. Additional appellants 2 to 4 in R.S.A.No.810/2013 filed Review Petition No.405/2022.

4. O.S.No.44/1997 has been filed for a permanent prohibitory injunction for restraining the defendants from trespassing into the plaint schedule property and for damages. Originally the plaint schedule property was part of property held by the family of the defendants. Plaintiffs purchased the plaint schedule property as per Exts.A2 and B4 sale deeds executed by the brother of the defendant, Narayanan Nair who is no more and his legal heirs are additional respondents 2 and 3. It is alleged in the plaint that from 1964 onwards the whereabouts of the defendant was not known to anybody and everybody was under the belief that he is no more. On that belief on the presumption available under Section 108 of the Indian Evidence Act, his brother Narayanan Nair sold the property to the plaintiffs on receiving valid consideration. In 1995, defendant reappeared and raised claim over the property. Thereupon the plaintiffs filed 6 in R.S.A.No.810 of 2013 O.S.No.518/1995 before the Munsiff's Court, Perumbavoor and that was ultimately compromised in a 'Neethimela'. Thereafter, in violation of the settlement, defendant trespassed upon the plaint schedule property and committed waste and hence the suit was filed.

5. Defendant filed written statement contending that plaintiffs have no right or possession over the 93 cents of property scheduled in the plaint. It is also contended that, as per the Partition Deed No.1277/1957, 'A' schedule in the Partition Deed was allotted to the share of the defendant and his brother Narayanan Nair and another brother Chellappan Nair and mother Gouriamma. The brother Chellappan Nair died intestate as a bachelor and mother also died intestate. Hence the entire property was devolved upon the defendant and Narayanan Nair. The defendant was staying at Mananthavady for sometime and he occasionally used to come to the scheduled property. Narayanan Nair executed two documents with respect to 31 cents each in favour of 2nd plaintiff and a neighbour Ramakrishnan in 7 in R.S.A.No.810 of 2013 the year 1974 and another document in the name of plaintiffs in the year 1991. It is further contended that, when he came to know about the above Sale Deeds, he demanded partition. But Narayanan Nair refused to partition the property. The sale deeds are results of fraud and collusion practiced between Narayanan Nair and the first plaintiff.

6. He also filed O.S.No.112/1997 against the father of the above appellants and the brother Narayanan Nair seeking for cancellation of Ext.A2 Sale Deed and recovery of possession and consequential reliefs.

7. All the contentions in the written statement filed in O.S.No.44/1997 have been reiterated and it is also contended that the

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top