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2025 Supreme(Online)(Ker) 57953

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
BECHU KURIAN THOMAS, J
SOBHANA @ SANDHYA – Appellant
Versus
STATE OF KERALA – Respondent
CRL.A NO. 131 OF 2016 | S.C. No.310 of 2011 | S.C. No.311 of 2011 | CP No.41 of 2008



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: SARATH BABU
For the Respondents: K.A. NOUSHAD

The court reaffirmed that a minor's consent is irrelevant in sexual offences, highlighting that inducement under IPC Section 366A is sufficient for conviction, while conviction under Section 372 requires evidence of sale or disposal, which was lacking.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 366A and 372 - Criminal appeal against conviction for procuration of a minor and exploitation for prostitution - Conviction affirmed under Section 366A for inducing minor into illicit intercourse; conviction under Section 372 set aside due to lack of evidence of sale or disposal for prostitution. (Paras 1, 24-27)

(B) Evidence - Determination of age of victim - Testimony of witnesses held sufficient to establish minor status of victim; reliance on corroborating documents regarding date of birth admissible. (Paras 15-18)

(C) Consent - Consent of minor deemed irrelevant regarding culpability in sexual offences under IPC. (Paras 17, 19)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for procuring a minor victim and facilitating her exploitation by multiple accused. The victim, aged 14 at the time, was later murdered by her brother. The conviction relied on witness testimonies and documentary evidence indicating her status as a minor. (Paras 1-10)

Findings of Court:
The conviction under Section 366A IPC was upheld based on evidence proving inducement of the victim, while the conviction under Section 372 IPC was nullified due to absence of evidence for sale or hire. (Paras 24-27)

Issues: Key issues included the minor status of the victim, sufficiency of evidence to support Section 366A IPC, and the establishing of offense under Section 372 IPC. (Paras 8-12)

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the prosecution proved the necessary elements for the offense under Section 366A, affirming that inducement suffices for conviction regardless of victim's consent, while the evidence for Section 372 was insufficient lacking direct proof of sale or dispositional intent. (Paras 1, 24-27)

Result: Appeal allowed in part; Section 372 conviction set aside, Section 366A conviction upheld.

Table of Content
1. conviction details of the first accused. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments from both sides regarding evidence and guilt. (Para 5 , 6)
3. analyzing issues related to victim's age and inducement. (Para 7 , 8 , 14 , 19)
4. victim's status and evidence regarding her age. (Para 10 , 12 , 17)
5. affirmation of conviction under specified ipc sections. (Para 18 , 25)
6. implications of evidence regarding section 366a ipc. (Para 22 , 24)
7. final ruling and order on the appeal. (Para 27)

JUDGMENT

The appellant was the first accused in S.C. No.310 of 2011 and S.C. No.311 of 2011 on the files of the Principal Assistant Sessions Court, Kollam. By judgment dated 22.12.2015, the appellant was found guilty for the offences punishable under sections 366A and 372 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for short ‘the IPC ’). All the remaining accused who faced trial were acquitted. Aggrieved by the conviction and sentence imposed on the first accused, this appeal has been preferred.

2. The prosecution alleged that the first accused had procured the minor victim and after acting as a pimp, introduced the victim for remuneration, to accused 2 to 11 and 16 to 19, all of whom raped her. It was also alleged that the first accused for commission, entrusted the victim to accused 12 to 15, who made her available to other men at the military quarters and lodges. The prosecution had in the final report also alleged that the first accused repeatedly ponced the victim and offered her to satiate the lust of the other accused and thereby committed the offences under sections 366A, 376, 377 and 372 read with section 34 of the IPC apart from sections 5 and 8 of the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 . The incident is alleged to have taken place during the period from March to April 2004.

3. Since accused No.12 was committed to the Sessions Court separately, two sessions case numbers allotted initially, as S.C. No.310 of 2011 and S.C. No.311 of 2011, were subsequently clubbed together during trial.

4. The prosecution in an attempt to prove their case, examined PW1 to PW41 and marked Ext.P1 to Ext.P50, while the defence examined DW1 and marked Ext.D1 to Ext.D47. Ext.C1 and Ext.C2 court exhibits were also marked. After analysing the evidence adduced in the case, the trial court, by the impugned judgment, found the first accused guilty as mentioned earlier and was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of eight years and to pay a fine of Rs.3,00,000/- for the offence under section 366A IPC . She was also sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for eight years and to pay a fine of Rs.2,00,000/- for the offence under section 372 . Default sentences were also imposed. The remaining accused were acquitted. As there is no challenge against the judgment of acquittal of any of the accused, this appeal is only in respect of the first accused.

5. Sri. Sarath Babu, the learned counsel for the appellant submitted that no evidence had been adduced by the prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused. It was also submitted that even if the prosecution allegations are accepted in toto, still, it would only reveal that the victim had, on her own, gone with the other accused and that the first accused had no role as alleged. The learned counsel further submitted that there was no evidence to prove the age of the victim and hence the prosecution had failed to prove the main ingredient of the alleged offences and therefore the accused ought to have been acquitted.

6. Sri. K.A. Noushad, the learned Public Prosecutor on the other hand submitted that the incident as revealed through the prosecution case reflects a horrendous crime and hence no leniency should be shown to the accused. It was also pointed out that the prosecution proved without any doubt that the first accused had enticed the victim and seduced her to indulge in illicit intercourse with several persons including the other accused and since the victim was less than 18 years in age, the off

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