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2026 Supreme(Online)(Ker) 120

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
ANIL K. NARENDRAN, MURALEE KRISHNA S., JJ
THE SECRETARY N.S.S. COLLEGES’ COMMITTEE – Appellant
Versus
V.G.SHINE – Respondent
CRP NO. 362 OF 2005 | APPEAL NO.2 OF 2004



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: SRI.P.G.PARAMESWARA PANICKER (SR.), SHRI.P.GOPAL
For the Respondents: SRI.ENOCH DAVID SIMON JOEL, SHRI.T.K.VIPINDAS, SENIOR G.P.

Disciplinary proceedings can proceed independently of pending criminal cases without equating their standards of proof; acquittal in criminal cases does not invalidate departmental findings.

Headnote:(A) Kerala University Act, 1974 - Section 60(9) and Section 63 - Disciplinary proceedings against employee - Dismissal based on misconduct involving theft of a cheque - Tribunal set aside the dismissal citing premature disciplinary proceedings pending criminal case - Court found Tribunal erred by equating disciplinary standard of proof to criminal trial - Dismissal supported by evidence but reappraised incorrectly by Tribunal. (Paras 10, 14, 15, and 16)

(B) Departmental enquiry - Distinction from criminal proceedings - Standards and methods of proving misconduct differ significantly - Acquittal in criminal case does not invalidate departmental findings. (Paras 10, 13, and 14)

Facts of the case:
Civil revision sought by management against Tribunal's order setting aside employee's dismissal for misconduct of forging signatures to encash a stolen cheque from the college, pending criminal case against him.

Findings of Court:
Tribunal’s judgment found to result from misappreciation of evidence; allowed dismissal retrial and reinstatement during pending criminal proceedings, thus erred in its reliance on criminal standards.

Issues: Whether the Tribunal misapplied legal standards by equating disciplinary proof to that necessitated in criminal law; should disciplinary actions await criminal outcomes?

Ratio Decidendi: The court confirmed that disciplinary and criminal processes are independent, affirming that departmental actions do not need to await criminal trials, provided they do not unjustly compromise an employee’s defense in the latter.

Result: Civil revision petition allowed, and Tribunal's judgment invalidated; original appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. details of the complaint and disciplinary action. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments on disciplinary versus criminal proceedings. (Para 8 , 9)
3. differences in evidence standards between proceedings. (Para 10 , 12 , 14 , 15)
4. acquittal's limited effect on disciplinary proceedings. (Para 11 , 13)
5. court's decision to set aside tribunal's judgment. (Para 16)

ORDER

Muralee Krishna S., J.

This Civil Revision Petition is filed by the 1st respondent in Appeal No.2 of 2004 on the file of the Kerala University Appellate Tribunal, Thiruvananthapuram (the ‘Tribunal’ in short), under Section 60 (9) r/w Section 63 of the Kerala University Act , 1974 (the ‘Act’ in short), against the judgment dated 08.11.2004 passed by the Tribunal in that appeal.

2. The 1st respondent herein, who is the appellant in Appeal No.2 of 2004 before the Tribunal, was a Last Grade Staff in N.S.S. College, Nilamel. The College had its PTA account in the State Bank of Travancore, Nilamel. A cheque leaf was stolen from the college, and affixing the forged signature and seal of the Principal, the cheque was encashed for Rs.1,30,000/- on 28.12.2002. On getting a complaint from the Principal, the Police registered a crime and arrested the 1st respondent and his friend Rajesh Kannan in connection with the theft of the cheque and withdrawal of the amount from the Bank. Meanwhile, on 28.12.2002, the 1st respondent deposited a sum of Rs.1,00,000/- in his bank account. Following the registration of the crime and the arrest of the 1st respondent by the Police, the 1st respondent was placed under suspension, and a departmental enquiry was conducted against him. The enquiry officer submitted his report, wherein the charges levelled against the 1st respondent were reported as proved. Therefore, ultimately, the 1st respondent was dismissed from service by the order dated 10.11.2003 of the petitioner herein. Challenging the dismissal from service, the 1st respondent filed Appeal No.2 of 2004 before the Tribunal under Section 60 of the Act. Before the Tribunal, the petitioner herein filed a detailed counter affidavit. From the side of the 1st respondent, the impugned order of his dismissal from service was marked as Exhibit A1 and from the side of the petitioner herein, the entire files relating to the disciplinary enquiry were marked as Exhibit B1 series. The Tribunal raised necessary points for consideration and, after hearing both sides and on appreciation of the materials on record, by the impugned judgment dated 08.11.2004, allowed the appeal, by setting aside the order of the petitioner dated 10.11.2003, dismissing the 1st respondent from service with effect from 25.01.2003 and directed the Management to await the disposal of the original case registered against the 1st respondent in connection with the same incident. It was also ordered that in the meanwhile, the 1st respondent shall continue in suspension from the service of the petitioner. Liberty is granted to the petitioner to pass a fresh order in the disciplinary proceedings against the 1st respondent in tune with the findings of the criminal court.

3. Being aggrieved by the aforesaid judgment of the Tribunal, the petitioner is now before this Court with the present revision petition.

4. On 28.03.2005, when this revision petition came up for consideration, this Court admitted the same and issued notice to the respondents. However, despite service of notice, none appeared for the 1st respondent. The learned Senior Government Pleader entered appearance for the 3rd respondent.

5. When the appeal records are called for by the order dated 05.11.2025, it was informed by the Tribunal that the records were destroyed, following the Rules as per the Office order dated 10.06.2020.

6. Since the records in Appeal No.2 of 2004 have already been destroyed by the Kerala University Appellate Tribunal, on 04.12.2025, the learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned Government Pleader have made available for the perusal o

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