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2026 Supreme(Online)(Ker) 14933

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
MR. ANIL K. NARENDRAN, MR. MURALEE KRISHNA S., JJ
S. Santhosh Kumar – Appellant
Versus
State of Kerala – Respondent
OP(KAT) NO. 59 OF 2026 | OA NO.768 OF 2021



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Shri.P.M.Pareeth, Shri.Najeeb P.S, Smt.Parvathy S. Manoj
For the Respondents: Sri.A.J Varghese, SR.G.P

The High Court under Article 227 exercises supervisory jurisdiction and will not interfere with Tribunal decisions unless there is serious dereliction of duty or perverse reasoning. Here, no such grounds existed.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 227 - Supervisory jurisdiction of High Court over subordinate courts - Petitioner applicants challenged the Tribunal's dismissal of their claims for higher grade promotion benefits under the 9th and 10th pay revision orders - The Tribunal held that posts held by the petitioners were not interchangeable as per Special Rules and exhibited serious delay in raising their claims. (Paras 8, 15)

(B) Employment Law - Pay revision implementation - The 9th and 10th pay revision orders mandated a ratio based promotion scheme which was not implemented for certain posts in the Scheduled Tribes Development Department, creating a disparity between departments - Petitioners were entitled to at least claim the benefits for their tenure as Junior Superintendents and Senior Superintendents, though their application was highly belated. (Paras 2, 15)

Facts of the case:
The original petition was filed by several applicants from the Scheduled Tribes Development Department challenging a Tribunal order, dismissing their application seeking promotions under 9th and 10th pay revision orders, citing non-implementation of the scheme. (Para 1)

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal's dismissal of the original application was upheld since the posts in question were not deemed interchangeable as per applicable rules, and applicants delayed raising their claims. The order was not found to warrant interference by the High Court. (Paras 6, 14)

Issues: The primary issues included whether the applicants were entitled to promotion benefits and the impact of delay in asserting their rights. (Paras 2, 15)

Ratio Decidendi: The High Court ruled that its role under Article 227 is supervisory and does not allow for interference unless a manifest error is evident; the Tribunal's order was found justifiable and not perverse. (Paras 8, 14)

Result: Original petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. challenge to tribunal's order regarding pay revisions. (Para 1 , 2)
2. original petition dismissed. (Para 4)
3. arguments on eligibility for higher grade benefits. (Para 6 , 7)
4. high court's supervisory jurisdiction under article 227. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
5. tribunal's compliance with legal principles, no errors found. (Para 15)

JUDGMENT

Muralee Krishna, J.

The petitioners who are the applicants 1, 2, 5 to 7, 10, 11, 15 to 17, 20 to 27 and 29 in O.A.No.768 of 2021 on the file of the Kerala Administrative Tribunal, Thiruvananthapuram (the ‘Tribunal’ for short) filed this original petition invoking supervisory jurisdiction of this Court under Article 227 of the Constitution of India challenging the order dated 11.02.2025 passed by the Tribunal in that original application.

2. Going by the averments in the original application, out of the 30 applicants in the original application, Serial Nos. 1 to 25 are working in the Scheduled Tribes Development Department as Tribal Development Officers, Assistant Tribal Development Officers, Special Extension Officers and Senior Superintendents, etc and serial numbers 26 to 30 are retired employees of the Scheduled Tribes Development Department who worked in various categories while in service. As per the 9th pay Revision order bearing G.O (P) No. 85/2011/Fin, dated 26.02.2011, the Government had decided to implement the recommendations of the pay revision commission ratio/percentage based grade promotion scheme for various categories of Government employees with effect from 01.02.2011. As per the scheme in all departments, 25% of the senior Superintendents and equated posts like Manager will be on higher grade and 25% of the posts of Junior Superintendents and equated posts like Manager will be on Higher Grade. But in the Scheduled Tribes Development Department, this scheme has not been implemented by the 2nd respondent. Umpteen number of representations were made before the 2nd respondent by the applicants, but to no avail. All other departments, including the Scheduled Castes Development Department under the 1st respondent has implemented the scheme. At last, on the compulsion of the employees, the 2nd respondent implemented the scheme in 2016 by sanctioning Higher Grade to 24 employees as per proceedings dated 18.05.2016. But after that, to date, no steps have been taken by the 2nd respondent for the implementation of the scheme as provided in the pay revision order. As per the 10th pay revision order, 25% Higher Grade to the post of Senior Superintendents and equated posts are to be continued, and the scheme of granting Higher Grade to Junior Superintendents and interchangeable posts has been enhanced from 25% to 1/3. But, the 2nd respondent has not taken any steps to implement the schemes as provided in the 9th and 10th pay revision orders, whereas similarly placed persons in all other departments have benefited from this scheme. Aggrieved by this, one Rajesh Kumar, Senior Superintendent of the Scheduled Tribes Development Department, filed O.A.No.1630 of 2018 before the Tribunal, praying that Higher Grade may be sanctioned to him. The Tribunal disposed of that O.A. on 15.10.2018, directing the 1st respondent to consider and pass appropriate orders on the representation pending before the 1st respondent within three months. The 1st respondent issued an order on 30.11.2020 rejecting the claim of Rajesh Kumar. Thereafter, on 05.10.2020, some of the applicants submitted a representation before the 1st respondent. But no action has been taken by the 1st respondent on this matter till date. With these pleadings, the applicants filed the original application under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act , 1985, seeking the following reliefs:

“(i) The Hon'ble Tribunal may quash G.O. (Rt) No. 990/2020/SC/ST Development Department dated 30.11.2020 issued by the 1st respondent (Annexure -A15) which adversely affect the legitimate legal rights of the applicants.

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