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2023 Supreme(Online)(MAD) 31343

MADRAS HIGH COURT
G.Jayachandran, J
Mookaiah & Sons – Appellant
Versus
Gopalji Agarwal – Respondent
Crl.R.C.No.401 of 2020 | Crl.M.P.No.3180 of 2020



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: L.Lakshmi Swaroopa
For the Respondents: Siddharth Bahety

Service of a statutory notice under Section 138(b) of the Negotiable Instruments Act does not necessitate personal delivery to the drawer; delivery at the business address to an authorized representative or adult member and receipt by them constitutes valid service.

Headnote:(A) Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 - Section 138(b) - Dishonour of cheque - Statutory notice - Service of notice - Whether notice must be served personally on the drawer - Evidence of service - Court held that service of notice on an authorized representative or any adult member at the business address of a partnership firm is sufficient compliance with Section 138(b) - Affixation of firm's seal and signature on the acknowledgment card acts as proof of valid service. (Paras 12, 14, 15, 20)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, a partnership firm and its partner, borrowed a sum of Rs.25 lakhs, executed a pro-note, and subsequently issued a cheque which was dishonoured for insufficient funds. The complainant issued a statutory notice which was delivered at the office of the petitioners. The accused challenged the conviction claiming the statutory notice was not served personally upon them, arguing lack of proper service under the Act.

Findings of Court:
The Court held that the intent of the provision is to ensure the drawer is informed of the dishonour to afford them an opportunity to pay within 15 days. Delivery upon an authorized representative or at the official business address is valid. The signature of the representative of the firm alongside the official seal constitutes sufficient proof of service.

Issues: Whether the delivery of a statutory notice under Section 138(b) of the NI Act to a partnership firm's office, received by a representative, constitutes valid service upon the drawer.

Ratio Decidendi: The service of a statutory notice does not require personal delivery to the drawer; it is valid if delivered at the address of the recipient company/firm to an authorized person, ensuring the purpose of notice as a trigger for the 15-day payment period is fulfilled.

Result: Criminal Revision Case dismissed.

Table of Content
1. overview of complaint, procedural history, and trial findings regarding dishonour of cheque. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. parties' contentions regarding validity of notice service and proof. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
3. court's interpretation of valid service under section 138 negotiable instruments act. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21)

Prayer: Criminal Revision Case has been filed under Section 397 & 401 of Cr.P.C., pleased to set aside the judgment of the Learned XVIII Additional Sessions Judge, Chennai, dated 31.10.2019 in C.A.No.123 of 2019 confirming the judgment dated 28.02.2019 passed by the Learned Metropolitan Magistrate (Fast Track Court-IV), George Town, Chennai, in C.C.No.2383 of 2016.

O R D E R

1. This Criminal Revision Case is filed by M/s.Mookaiah & Sons (Accused No:1) and its partner M.Ganesh (Accused No:2) having lost their Criminal Appeal No.123 of 2019, preferred against the Trial Court judgment holding them guilty of offence under Section 138 of N.I Act and sentenced A-2 to undergo 10 months S.I and A-1 and A-2 jointly and severely pay fine of Rs.25 lakhs with 9% interest p.a as compensation to the complainant, from the date of dishonour of the cheque (08/04/2014) till the date of judgement in C.C.No.2383 of 2016 dated 28/02/2019, on the file of Metropolitan Magistrate, Fast Track Court No:IV, George Town, Chennai, within a month, in default A-2/M.Ganesh, to undergo 2 months S.I.

2. The complaint of Mr.Gopalji Agarwal represented by his Power Agent Mr.Ramesh Babu against the revision petitioners is that, M/s.Mookaiah & Sons, Pondicherry a partnership firm through its partner borrowed Rs.25 lakhs from the complainant on 24/12/2012 for the business purpose and promised to repay it on demand along with 30% interest per annum. A pro-note was executed by M.Ganesh, Partner M/s.Mookaiah & Sons in favour of the complainant on the said date. The loan amount was transferred through bank into the account of the accused. After repeated demand to repay the loan, a cheque dated 04/04/2014, for Rs.25 lakhs from the account maintained in the name of the first accused firm at SBI, SME Branch, Pondicherry was issued in favour of the complainant. The said cheque on presentation returned with memo “Funds insufficient”. The complainant caused notice dated 06/05/2014 to the Firm and the Partner calling upon to pay the cheque amount. They received the notice on 09/05/2014, but neither paid the cheque amount nor reply to the notice.

3. From the perusal of the records, it appears, on 26/06/2014, the written complaint presented before the VII, MM, George Town, Chennai on 26/06/2014. The complaint was returned to be filed along with condone delay petition. Then, the complaint filed along with condone delay of 2 days in preferring the complaint. The Learned Magistrate has condone the delay and taken the complaint on file assigning S.T.C.No.58/2015. Later for want of jurisdiction, the complaint was transferred to Pondicherry, the Union Territory in which the accused carrying on its business. The Judicial Magistrate-II, Pondicherry, took the complaint on file and assigned S.T.C.No:1420/2015. After the Hon'ble Supreme Court judgment clarifying its earlier judgement on jurisdiction, the complaint was returned to VII Metropolitan Magistrate, George Town, Chennai. The Learned Metropolitan Magistrate on 15/09/2016, after recording the sworn statement of the complainant took the complaint on file as C.C.No.2383 of 2016.

4. To prove the complaint, the Power Agent of the payee examined as P.W-1. The Power of Attorney deed dated 23/06/2014 executed by Gopalji Agrawal in favour of Ramesh Babu, the Pro-note dated 24/12/2012 executed by M.Ganesh Partner M/s.Mookiah & Sons for Rs.25,00,000/-, the Statement of Account maintained by the complainant, the Cheque bearing No: ‘046803’ drawn in favour of the Gopalji Agrawal by the M.Ganesh on behalf of M/s Mookiah & Sons, the Return Memo of HSBC Bank, Chen

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