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2025 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 20490

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
, J
Sangam Sahasrabudhe – Appellant
Versus
P.Ravindran – Respondent
C.O.S.No.3 of 2023



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners:
For the Respondents:

The plaint cannot be partially rejected; it must either proceed as a whole or be rejected entirely, with limitation issues addressed during trial.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Order 7 Rule 11 - Revision petitions challenging dismissal of applications to reject plaint - Suit for recovery of salary filed after limitation period - Court held no cause of action arose within jurisdiction - Plaint cannot be rejected in part; must proceed as a whole (Paras 21, 22).

(B) Limitation - The suit was filed beyond the limitation period, and the writ petition cannot extend the limitation period.

(C) Jurisdiction - The cause of action must arise within the jurisdiction for the court to have authority to hear the case.

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff filed a suit for recovery of salary against multiple defendants, claiming non-payment for services rendered in Malaysia. The trial court found no cause of action and dismissed the applications to reject the plaint.

Findings of Court:
The plaint cannot be rejected partially against some defendants; it must proceed as a whole.

Issues: The main issues were whether the suit was barred by limitation and whether there was a cause of action within the jurisdiction.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the plaint must either proceed as a whole or be rejected in its entirety, affirming that limitation issues can be raised during trial.

Result: Both civil revision petitions stand dismissed.

Table of Content
1. filing of suit for recovery of salary. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. defendants' applications to reject plaint based on limitation. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
3. arguments regarding limitation and jurisdiction. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. court's observations on plaint rejection. (Para 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
5. final ruling on the revision petitions. (Para 21)

COMMON ORDER

These two reviion petitions have been filed by the 1st and 4th defendants in C.O.S.No.3 of 2023 on the file of the Principal District and Sessions Court, Kanyakumari at Nagercoil challenging the dismissal of I.A.Nos.1 and 3 of 2023 by the trial Court.

(A)Facts leading to the filing of these revision petitions are as follows:

2.The first respondent herein as plaintiff had filed the above said suit for the relief of recovery of a sum of Rs.39,22,000/-. It is the case of the plaintiff that the fourth defendant company is a sister concern of the first defendant company. The first defendant company had directed the fourth defendant to issue a letter of intent to the second defendant company for the purposes of installation of mechanical and piping works for six spinning lines at Malaysia. The second defendant which is the sister concern of the third defendant and the first defendant have jointly formed the fourth defendant company for mobilisation of man power and technical staff from India to Malaysia for erection and commissioning of six spinning lines at a lesser cost.

3.It is the further contention of the plaintiff that he received an offer letter from the third defendant company on 16.07.2011 for a period of one year as Branch Manager to be stationed at Malaysia. He was promised to pay a monthly salary of Malaysian Ringgit 20000/RM per month during the contract period of one year. Though he received first month salary in December 2011, thereafter the salary was not paid from January 2012 to July 2012. Before leaving India, the third defendant had promised that the plaintiff's dues would be credited to his bank account in India.

4.After reaching India, there was no response from the defendants despite several e-mails and phone calls and request letters. Finally the plaintiff had approached Indian embassy at Malaysia by way of his request dated 04.07.2024. Since there was no response, the plaintiff had filed WP(MD).No.22399 of 2015 (P.Ravindran Vs. The Secretary, Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (Emigration Division) and others) on 11.12.2015. The said writ petition was disposed of on 10.11.2022 granting liberty to the plaintiff to pursue his remedy before the proper forum. The plaintiff had further contended that he had approached the District Legal Services Authority Kanyakumari at Nagercoil on 31.03.2023. The defendants 1 and 3 did not enter appearance and the defendants 1 and 4 after entering appearance stated in writing, that they are not inclined to take part in mediation. Therefore, the present suit was filed seeking recovery of money from the defendants.

5.Pending suit, the first defendant had filed I.A.No.3 of 2023 and the fourth defendant had filed I.A.No.1 of 2023 under Order 7 Rule 11 of C.P.C to reject the plaint on the following grounds:

a)The claim of the petitioner for arrears of salary is for the period between January 2012 to July 2012. Whereas the suit has been filed only on 17.04.2023 which is clearly barred by limitation. The writ petition before the High Court was also filed only after the period of limitation has got expired. Therefore, filing or disposal of the writ petition on 10.11.2022 cannot be cited as a ground for extension of period of limitation.

b)The alleged cause of action for the plaintiff has arisen only in Malaysia. No apart of cause of action has arisen within the jurisdictional limits of the Principal District Court, Kanyakumari.

c)The letter of offer was given to the plaintiff only by the third defendant. There is no employer employee relationship between the first and fourth defendant on one side and the plaintif

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