The court reiterated that marking a document does not equate to proving its contents without adequate evidence, especially in cheque dishonour cases.

THE HONOURABLE MS.JUSTICE R.N.MANJULA Crl.A.(MD)No.557 of 2025 S.A.Suresh Kumar, Managing Director, Don Publications Private Ltd., No.3/100/1, Uthamapandiyankulam, Tirunelveli District - 627 351.

Rep. by its Power Agent V.Murugan, S/o.Velu, Manager, Don Publications Private Ltd., I.C.Roch Complex 2nd Floor, Palay Bus Stand, Tirunelveli District - 627 002. ... Appellant vs.

Balammal ... Respondent PRAYER : This Criminal Appeal has been filed under Section 419(4) of BNSS, 2023 , to call for the records relating to the judgment dated 18.05.2023 in S.T.C.No.205 of 2021 on the file of the Special Court for exclusive trial of Negotiable Instruments Act Cases, Tirunelveli and set aside the same and allow this Criminal Appeal and convict the accused for the offence under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.

For Appellant : Mr.T.Antony Arulraj For Respondent : Mr.S.Balaji JUDGEMENT The appellant is the complainant, who had filed a case on the allegation of dishonour of the cheque issued by the accused in Cheque No.703898 dated 10.07.2019 for a sum of Rs.4,07,279/- for discharging the dues to be paid by her towards the purchase of books on credit basis.

2. The learned counsel appearing for the appellant submitted that the Special Court has acquitted the accused on the wrong presumption that the cheque has not been presented to the Bank for collection and it is observed that the complainant himself has admitted the said fact in his evidence. It is further submitted that the Cheque has actually been presented before the State Bank of India, Junction Branch, Tirunelveli and the return Memo has also been marked as document but the Court below had overlooked the above facts and has proceeded to acquit the accused.

3. On perusal of the Judgement, it is seen that the Court below is convinced about the fact that the appellant and the respondent were involved in business transaction in connection with the sale of books meant for academic purposes. However, the Court appears to have given significance to the oral evidence of PW1, where, he has stated that he has not dropped the cheque for encashment in the State Bank of India, Junction Branch, Tirunelveli.

4. It is alleged by the appellant that he had presented the cheque to the Bank of respondent, from which Bank, the cheque has been drawn. However, the cheque has been returned with an endorsement 'funds insufficient'. It is to be noted that the Cheque deposited for collection does not bear the date, signature of the Bank Manager or Bank Seal and that forms part of the oral evidence of PW1 as well. From the evidence of PW1, it can be understood that PW1 is aware of the fact that whenever cheque is issued, they have to be collected by depositing them in his own Bank, through his banker, and if the drawer does not have sufficient money in his account, then only, the cheque would be returned with the endorsement 'funds insufficient'. Despite knowing the same, the complainant has not chosen to deposit the cheque for collection through his own Bank. Even if it is presumed that the appellant has presented the cheque to the Bank of the respondent for encashment and it is returned for the reason 'funds insufficient', such cheque should contain date, signature of the Bank Manager or Bank Seal. It is strange that the Cheque produced by the appellant does not bear the above details. Further, the complainant has not chosen to examine the banker as one of the witnesses in order to establish his prima facie submission that the cheque has been returned for want of funds and to prove the return Memo. The learned trial Judge has rightly dealt with the evidence in a holistic manner and had acquitted the accused on the finding that the appellant has not proved his case.

5. At this juncture, the learned counsel for the appellant su