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2026 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 2922

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
M.DHANDAPANI, J.
Vairavan (Decd.) – Petitioner
Versus 
The State of Tamil Nadu, Rep. By its Secretary to Government Commercial Taxes & Registration Dept. – Respondent
W.P. NO.2662 OF 2024 AND W.M.P. NO. 2934 OF 2024
Decided On : 21-01-2026
Advocates Appeared : 
For the Petitioners : Mr. S. Saravanan
For the Respondents : Mr. P. Harish, GA

Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. S.Saravanan
For the Respondents: Mr. P.Harish, GA

Inordinate delays in disciplinary proceedings violate the principles of natural justice, rendering dismissal from service arbitrary and unconstitutional, necessitating the payment of retiral benefits to the affected party.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Disciplinary proceedings - Petitioners challenge the dismissal of Sub Registrar, initiated on retirement eve, claiming it was malicious and unsubstantiated due to lengthy delays in the inquiry process. Evidence showed significant financial losses collected by the Government; however, delays in punishment were unexplained. Court ruled disciplinary actions void, noting a violation of principles of natural justice and required the payment of retiral benefits without further delay. (Paras 1, 23, 30, 31, 33)

(B) Disciplinary Action - Delays in Conclusion - Government's action was criticized for not concluding the inquiry over ten years, demonstrating negligence and misconduct on the part of the administration. (Paras 9, 24)

Findings of Court:
The court found the dismissal arbitrary due to inordinate delays without satisfactory explanations from the respondents, reinforcing the need for timely disciplinary action.

Issues: Main issues included the validity of the dismissal, the supposed misconduct of the employee, and the violation of the employee's right to a fair hearing.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the importance of timely proceedings in disciplinary action and the necessity for the parties to adhere to the principles of natural justice in imposing punishments.

Result: Petition allowed; dismissal order set aside and retiral benefits ordered to be paid to petitioners.

Table of Content
1. inadequate conclusion of disciplinary proceedings. (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. delay in proceedings undermines disciplinary actions. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. due process considerations in disciplinary action. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
4. court scrutiny of disciplinary proceedings is pivotal. (Para 19 , 21 , 22)
5. natural justice requires reasoned decisions. (Para 30 , 31)
6. judgment allows quashing of dismissal and ensures pension rights. (Para 32 , 33)

ORDER

Assailing the proceedings in and by which the 1st respondent con the punishment of dismissal from service inflicted on the petitioner, since deceased, the present petition has been filed by the 1st petitioner seeking quashment of the said order and also for a further direction to release the retiral benefits due and payable to the 1st petitioner. Upon the death of the 1st petitioner, petitioners 2 to 5, who are the legal heirs of the 1st petitioner have impleaded themselves as party petitioners to prosecute the petition.

2. The brief facts necessary for the disposal of the petition could be summarised as under :-

The 1st petitioner, while working as Sub Registrar Grade-I, Gobichettipalayam, was visited with disciplinary proceedings just three days prior to the date of his retirement from service on 31.01.2013 u/r 17(b) of the Tamil Nadu Civil Services (Discipline & Appeal) Rules by issuance of a charge memo dated 28.01.2013 and on the very same day, the 1st petitioner was placed under suspension on the ground of the pending disciplinary proceedings in proceedings No.53744/B1/2011 dated 23.11.2011 and proceedings No.2861/B1/2013/2013 dated 30.01.2013 and the 1st petitioner was not permitted to retire from service.

3. It is the further averment of the 1st petitioner that upon receiving the charge memo, the 1st petitioner submitted his explanation to the charge memo pointing out that he has not caused any financial loss to the department. However, not being satisfied with the explanation, enquiry was initiated against the 1st petitioner and the 1st petitioner participated in the enquiry and placed all the requisite materials. It is the further averment of the 1st pe the charge against the 1st petitioner is not one of moral turpitude or corruption, the 1st petitioner filed W.P. No.2418/2014 for a direction to pass final orders in the disciplinary proceedings initiated by the 2nd respondent in Charge Memo No.53744/B1/2011 dated 23.11.2011 and finalise the disciplinary proceedings in Charge Memo No.2861/B1/2013/2013 dated 30.01.2013. It is the further averment of the 1st petitioner that this Court, vide order dated 28.01.2014, directed the 2nd respondent to pass final orders on the disciplinary proceedings pending against the 1st petitioner by considering his explanation dated 2.10.2013 within a period of three months from the date of receipt of a copy of the order. Inspite of the same, the 2nd respondent has not concluded the enquiry and passed any orders within the time frame fixed by this Court.

4. It is the further averment of the petitioners that there was a delay of more than 10 years in concluding the disciplinary proceedings for which no proper explanation was forthcoming, which vitiates the disciplinary proceedings in the eye of law. It is the further averment of the petitioners that W.P. No.20653/2022 was filed before this Court for a direction to the respondents to disburse the retiral benefits payable to the 1st petitioner. However, pending the disposal of the aforesaid writ petition, the 2nd respondent, in a hurried manner, passed the order on 28.08.2022 and produced the order copy before this court and based on the same, this Court, vide order dated 25.08.2022 disposed of the writ petition with a direction to the 1st petitioner to make fresh application to the respondents for payment of eligible monetary benefits as per rule and the respondents were directed to consider the representation, if any, submitted by the 1st petitioner and dispose of t

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