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2026 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 23810

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
K. GOVINDARAJAN THILAKAVADI, J
S. Selvakumar – Appellant
Versus
M/s. Lucky Silks, Represented by its Proprietor P. Kadhar Batcha – Respondent
C.M.A.No. 1505 of 2024 | M.C.O.P. No.255 of 2019



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr.C. Vidhusan
For the Respondents: Ms. I. Malar for R2, R1 - No appearance

The court modified the negligence from 50:50 to 40:60, enhancing compensation due to the claimant's demonstrable earning capacity and proper assessment of contributory negligence.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Section 173 - Enhancement of compensation - The appeal was filed for enhancement of compensation awarded by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal - Initially, the Tribunal awarded Rs. 3,54,315/- by apportioning negligence at 50:50 between the claimant and the driver of the respondent's vehicle - The appeal sought to challenge the attribution of negligence and the amount awarded - The Court found that the claimant had 40% contributory negligence, leading to the enhancement of compensation to Rs. 4,77,786/- - There was no error in awarding 7.5% interest on the compensation from the date of claim petition. (Paras 6, 11, 14)

(B) Appeal - Scope of the Court - The appellate Court may reassess findings regarding negligence and modify compensation based on established facts and evidence rather than solely relying on the Tribunal's decision. (Paras 11, 12)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was involved in a road accident on 18.10.2018, sustaining grievous injuries while riding his two-wheeler that was struck by a car driven negligently by the 1st respondent's driver. The initial compensation claim was based on the petitioner's monthly income, which the Tribunal under-reported.

Findings of Court:
The initial apportionment of negligence was modified from 50:50 to 40:60 in favor of the respondent's driver. The Court found the calculated compensation inadequate, considering the petitioner's true earning potential.

Issues: The main issues were concerning the apportionment of negligence and the adequacy of compensation awarded by the Tribunal.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court decreed that while contributory negligence is an actionable defense, the award must reflect the actual circumstances and earning capacity of the claimant.

Result: The Civil Miscellaneous Appeal is partly allowed. Compensation enhanced to Rs. 4,77,786/-.

Table of Content
1. incident details and compensation claim. (Para 4)
2. defendants' argument on contributory negligence. (Para 5)
3. court's analysis on negligence and income assessment. (Para 6)
4. determination of contributory negligence ratio. (Para 11 , 12)

JUDGME NT

This appeal, under Section 173 of Motor Vehicles Act, has been filed by the appellant/claimant for enhancement of the sum awarded in the judgment and decree dated 26.06.2023 made in M.C.O.P. No.255 of 2019 on the file of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal / Subordinate Judge, Perambalur.

2. For the sake of convenience, the parties are referred to as per their ranking in the Tribunal and at appropriate places, their rank in the present appeal would also be indicated.

3. Shortly stated, on 18.10.2018, at about 10.30 hours, the appellant /

petitioner was riding his two wheeler bearing Registration No. TN-91-V-6638 with his friend Thangadurai on the pillion. When the appellant / petitioner stopped his two wheeler and waited to cross the road from east to west, near Roever College, a car bearing Registration No.TN-49-BK-3333, owned by the 1st respondent, came in a rash and negligent manner from Chennai to Tiruchirapallai and dashed against the appellant’s two wheeler, due to which, the appellant / petitioner sustained multiple grievous injuries all over his body and took medical treatment in Perambalur Government Hospital and further medical treatment in Retna Global Hospital.

4. The claimant filed the above MCOP claiming compensation of Rs.15,00,000/- for the injuries sustained by him in the said accident.

5. The Claim petition was resisted by the respondents by stating that the appellant / claimant has ridden his two wheeler carelessly and invited the accident and that the Inspector of Police, Perambalur Police Station, has registered a false case against the driver of his vehicle. Hence, they are not liable to pay any compensation to the appellant / claimant.

6. The Claims Tribunal framed necessary issues and came to the conclusion that the accident occurred due to the negligence of the appellant / petitioner as wells as the driver of the 1st respondent’s car and that both of them are equally responsible for the accident and apportioned the negligence at the ratio of 50:50 among them and awarded a sum of Rs.3,54,315/-. The Tribunal directed the 2nd respondent / Insurance Company to pay the said amount to the appellant /petitioner together with interest at the rate of 7.5%

per annum from the date of claim petition till the date of realisation.

7. Questioning the negligence fixed on the part of the appellant /

petitioner and seeking enhancement of compensation, the present Civil Miscellaneous Appeal is filed by the appellant/petitioner.

8. Mr. C. Vidhusan, the learned counsel for the appellant/petitioner would contend that, the Tribunal erred in holding that the petitioner has contributed to the accident to an extent of 50% despite the fact that the accident was caused solely due to the rash and negligent driving of the driver of the 1st respondent’s car. He would further submit that though the appellant/petitioner was an Agriculturist and earning a sum of Rs.25,000/- per month, the Tribunal fixed the income of the injured appellant only as Rs.8,000/- per month, which is very low and that the Tribunal has not awarded any amount towards Extra Nourishment and future Medical Expenses. Hence, prayed for enhancement of compensation awarded by the Claims Tribunal.

9. On the other hand, Ms. I. Malar, the learned counsel for the 2nd respondent / Insurance Company submitted that, the Tribunal, after analysing the oral and documentary evidence, had rightly fixed 50% contributory negligence on the part of the appellant / petitioner and awarded just compensation which requires any interference by this Court.

10. Heard on both sides. Records perused.

11. It is not in dispute that the FIR has been registered based on the statement given by the Appellant/petitioner. As per the FIR, the accident

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