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2026 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 35471

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
SENTHILKUMAR RAMAMOORTHY, J
Tata Capital Limited – Appellant
Versus
MIDDE SNEHA – Respondent



Advocates:
For Petitioner: Mr. P. Suresh

Parties must exhaust agreed institutional arbitrator appointment procedure before seeking court intervention under Section 11(6).

Headnote:Section 11(5) & (6) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. Petitioner invoked notice under loan agreement clause for arbitration but approached court without following contract's institutional appointment procedure. Court found petition premature as agreed procedure under Section 11(2) not exhausted. Issue: Whether petitioner entitled to court appointment without invoking listed institutions. Ratio: Parties bound by agreed arbitrator appointment via specified institutions; court intervention only post-failure (Section 11(6)). Petition dismissed without costs, liberty to re-apply post-compliance.

Table of Content
1. petitioner invoked arbitration notice; failed to follow institutional procedure. (Para 1 , 2)
2. parties free to agree on appointment under section 11(2). (Para 3)
3. premature court approach without exhausting contract procedure leads to dismissal. (Para 4)

ORDER

After issuing notice dated 12.11.2025 invoking clause 9 of the agreement for business loan between the parties, the present petition has been filed under Section 11(5) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (the A & C Act).

2. The arbitration clause between the parties reads as under:

10.Arbitration If any dispute, difference or claim arises between any of the Borrower and the Lender in connection with the Facility or as to the interpretation, validity, implementation or effect of the Facility Documents or as to the rights and liabilities of the parties under the Facility Documents or alleged breach of the Facility Documents or anything done or omitted to be done pursuant to the Facility Documents, the same shall be settled by arbitration by a sole arbitrator to be appointed by any of the following institutions:

(a) The Council for National and International Commercial Arbitration having its office at Unit No.208, 2nd Floor, Beta Wing, Raheja Towers, Nos.113-134, Anna Salai, Chennai – 600002.

(b) Centre for Online Resolution of Disputes having its office at F-14, 3rd Cross, Manyata Residency, Manyata Tech Park, Bengaluru 560045.

(c) The Centre for Alternative Dispute Resolution Excellence having its office at 107C, Mulberry Woods, Janatha Colony, Carmelaram Station Road, Doddakanneli, Bengaluru – 560035.

(d) ADR E-Sarvatra Private Limited having its office at 63, Palace Road, Vasanth Nagar, Bengaluru – 560052. (e) Any arbitral institution designated under the provisions of the Arbitration or Conciliation Act, 1996 ("the Act) or any panel of arbitrators maintained under the provisions of that Act;

hereinafter referred to as ("Institution") in accordance with the rules of the Institution as prevailing and as amended from time to time.

The arbitration proceedings shall be based on documents only which shall be conducted through exchange of e- mail and/or any other mode of electronic communication as permitted by the rules of the Institution or through an online dispute resolution by the web portal offered by the Institution. The parties hereby agree that the arbitral proceeding shall be conducted in electronic mode and all pleadings and documents will be exchanged electronically. There shall be no in-person and/or oral hearings except in certain exceptional circumstances as the sole arbitrator may deem fit upon the request of either of the parties. In such instances, the hearings shall be conducted virtually at the sole discretion of the arbitrator. The seat of arbitration for all purposes shall be deemed to be such place as mentioned in Annexure I of the Agreement. The language of arbitral proceedings shall be English.

In the event the arbitrator to whom the matter is originally referred, resigns or dies or is unable to act for any reason, the Institution shall appoint another person in his/her place to act as arbitrator/who shall proceed with the reference from the stage at which it was left by his/her predecessor.

The arbitrator so appointed shall have the power to pass an award and also to pass interim orders/directions as may be appropriate to protect the interest of the parties pending resolution of the dispute. A certified copy of the award passed by the arbitrator, a digitally signed copy of the same or a scan copy of the same shall be sent to the parties through e-mail or any other electronic mode including the web portal as the Institution deems fit which shall be considered as a signed copy.

All notices, processes and communications between the parties with respect to the arbitration proceedings shall be through e-mail or another mode of communication permitted by the Institution notwithstanding the notice clause contained in the Agreement which

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