Review jurisdiction is strictly confined to the scope of correcting palpable errors or preventing miscarriage of justice and cannot be weaponized as an appeal in disguise to re-adjudicate or rehear the merits of an existing order.

ORDER

(Order of the Court was made by S.M.Subramaniam J.)

The present review petition has been instituted seeking review the order made in W.P. No 11339 of 2024 dated 30.07.2024.

2. Perusal of the grounds raised in the review petition would show that petitioner has made an attempt to re-adjudicate the merits, which is impermissible under Order 47 Rule 1 of CPC. The Court cannot expand the scope of review proceedings under Order 47 Rule 1 of CPC. Review proceedings are not by way of an appeal and have to be strictly confined to the scope and ambit of Order 47 Rule 1 of CPC. The principles to be adopted in a review application has been considered by the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in the case of Malleeswari Vs. K. Suguna And Another¹2025 INSC 1080

“15. It is axiomatic that the right of appeal cannot be assumed unless expressly conferred by the statute or the rules having the force of a statute. The review jurisdiction cannot be assumed unless it is conferred by law on the authority or the Court. Section 114 and Order 47, Rule 1 of CPC deal with the power of review of the courts. The power of review is different from appellate power and is subject to the following limitations to maintain the finality of judicial decisions:

15.1 The review proceedings are not by way of an appeal and have to be strictly confined to the scope and ambit of Order 47 Rule 1 of CPC.

15.2 Review is not to be confused with appellate powers, which may enable an appellate court to correct all manner of errors committed by the subordinate court.

15.3 In exercise of the jurisdiction under Order 47 Rule 1 of CPC, it is not permissible for an erroneous decision to be reheard and corrected. A review petition, it must be remembered, has a limited purpose and cannot be allowed to be an appeal in disguise.

15.4 The power of review can be exercised for the correction of a mistake, but not to substitute a view. Such powers can be exercised within the limits specified in the statute governing the exercise of power.

15.5 The review court does not sit in appeal over its own order. A rehearing of the matter is impermissible. It constitutes an exception to the general rule that once a judgment is signed or pronounced, it should not be altered. Hence, it is invoked only to prevent a miscarriage of justice or to correct grave and palpable errors.”

3. In view of the above legal position and considering the fact that petitioner has not established any error apparent on record warranting exercise of judicial review, the present review application deserves no merit consideration. Accordingly, the review application is dismissed. No costs. Consequently, the connected miscellaneous petitions, if any, are closed.