Victims have the right to appeal acquittals, and procedural compliance is essential for the validity of such appeals.

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT JABALPUR BEFORE HON'BLE SHRI JUSTICE RAJENDRA KUMAR VANI ON THE 24^th OF SEPTEMBER, 2025 CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 2284 of 2022 SMT.ARTI SEN Versus THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH AND OTHERS Appearance:

Shri Rakshit Parmar - Advocate for the appellant.

ORDER Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and after perusal of record, it reveals that this criminal appeal has been filed under Section 413 of BNSS , 2023 / 372 of Cr.P.C., being aggrieved with the judgement dated 07.12.2021 passed by the JMFC, Damoh in RCT No.2402561/2013, whereby respondent No.2/accused Rahul Gupta has been acquitted from the offence under Section s 279 and 304-A of IPC and Section 146/196 of Motor Vehicle Act and respondent No.3/accused Ashok Gupta has been acquitted from the offence under Section 146/196 of Motor Vehicle Act .

2. Section 413 reads as follows:

"413. No appeal to lie unless otherwise provided--. No appeal shall lie from any judgment or order of a Criminal Court except as provided for by this Sanhita or by any other law for the time being in force:

Provided that the victim shall have a right to prefer an appeal against any order passed by the Court acquitting the accused Signature Not Verified or convicting for a lesser offence or imposing inadequate compensation, and such appeal shall lie to the Court to which an appeal ordinarily lies against the order of conviction of such Court."

3. The proviso to Section 413 clearly mandates that appeal ought to be filed by the victim in the court where appeal against conviction ordinarily lies and appeal against such conviction lies in the Sessions Court, therefore, this appeal as per proviso to Section 413 shall also be filed before the concerned Sessions Court. Liberty is reserved to the complainant/appellant herein to file an appeal before the concerned Sessions Court, having regard to the proviso to Section 413 of BNSS (372 of Cr.P.C.) within four months from today.

4. However, it is made clear that if appeal was filed before this Court within limitation or if appeal was not filed within limitation before this Court but issue of limitation has already been decided by this Court and the delay in filing the appeal has been condoned and appeal before concerned Sessions Court is filed within the period of four months from today, then, issue of limitation shall not be raised by respondent or by the Appellate Court, but if appeal was not filed before this Court within limitation as prescribed in the Limitation Act or any application for condonation of delay is pending today, then, the issue of limitation/ the same shall be decided by the Appellate Court in accordance with provisions of law.

5. Certified copy of documents, if any, filed by the complainant/appellant in the instant appeal, shall be returned back to Signature Not Verified complainant/appellant after substituting photocopy of the same.

6. Record of the trial Court, if available, shall be sent back immediately to the concerned Court.