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2024 Supreme(Online)(NCLAT) 1130

NATIONAL COMPANY LAW APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
ASHOK BHUSHAN, J
Sumit Singh Basisth & Anr. – Appellant
Versus
Sare Gurugram Pvt. Ltd. & Anr. – Respondent
Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) No. 138 of 2024 | Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) No. 367 of 2024



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Ms. Priya Kumar, Mr. Tejas Chhabra, Mr. Kabir Harpalani, Ms. Priya Chauhan
For the Respondents: Mr. Ajay Bhargava, Ms. Wamika Trehan, Ms. Raddhika Khanna, Mr. Siddhant Kumar

Delay in filing an appeal under the IBC cannot be excused based on lack of knowledge regarding the proceedings; Limitation must be strictly construed.

Headnote:(A) Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 - Section 61(2) - Delay Condonation - Applications for condoning delays of 223 and 230 days in filing appeals against NCLT order were denied - Both appellants claimed ignorance of CIRP process, which was deemed insufficient for delay justification - Delay beyond statutory limits cannot be condoned. (Paras 10, 24-25)

(B) Limitation - Commencement of limitation period begins from the date of NCLT order, not from knowledge thereof - Any delay beyond permissible period is uncondonable as per statutory provisions - Clear stance against permissive interpretations that could undermine IBC objectives. (Paras 12-18)

Facts of the case:
Appellants filed appeals against the approval of a resolution plan for the corporate debtor, claiming ignorance of the process, revealed only months later. They sought to condone significant delays in their filing. The adjudicating authority approved the plan in April 2023.

Findings of Court:
Ignorance of proceedings does not suffice to justify the delays based on clear statutory provisions - Approvals were correctly communicated through the required public notices.

Issues: The primary issues were the commencement date for limitation regarding appeals, and whether ignorance of proceedings could justify substantial delay in filing.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that the limitation period under Section 61(2) explicitly does not allow for delay on grounds of lack of knowledge; statutory demands are strict.

Result: Condonation applications denied; appeals dismissed.

Table of Content
1. delay applications filed to challenge nclt's approval. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. appellants argue ignorance of cirp process. (Para 7 , 8)
3. argument on statutory interpretation of limitation period. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
4. court clarifies limitation period issues and strict adherence. (Para 12 , 14 , 18)
5. final ruling on dismissal of delay applications. (Para 24 , 25)

JUDGMENT

ASHOK BHUSHAN, J.

1. I.A. No. 808 of 2024 and I.A. No. 1251 of 2024 have been filed praying for condonation of delay in filing these two Appeals.

2. Company Appeal (AT) Ins. No. 138 of 2024 has been filed challenging the Order passed by the NCLT, Principal Bench, New Delhi dated 24th April, 2023 in I.A. No. 702/PB/2022 by which order, the Adjudicating Authority has approved the Resolution Plan of the Corporate Debtor-Sare Gurugram Pvt. Ltd. This Appeal has been e-filed on 25th January, 2024, there being delay in filing the Appeal, I.A. No. 808 of 2024 has been filed.

3. Company Appeal (AT) Ins. No. 367 of 2024 has been filed challenging the Order passed by the NCLT, Principal Bench, New Delhi dated 24th April, 2023 in I.A. No. 702/PB/2022 by which order, the Adjudicating Authority has approved the Resolution Plan of the Corporate Debtor-Sare Gurugram Pvt. Ltd. This Appeal has been e-filed on 09th January, 2024, there being delay in filing the Appeal, I.A. No. 1251 of 2024 has been filed.

4. We have heard Learned Counsel for the parties on the delay condonation applications. Both the Delay Condonation Applications raises same question of facts and law hence they have been heard together.

5. In I.A. No. 808 of 2024, prayer is to condone the delay of 223 days in filing the Appeal.

6. In I.A. No. 1251 of 2024, prayer is to condone the delay of 230 days in filing the Appeal.

7. I.A. No. 808 of 2024: The brief facts giving rise to this Application are:-

 The Appellant Sumit Singh Basisth and Ms. Poonam Shatrughan Singh have filed C.A.(AT) Ins. No. 138 of 2024 challenging the Order of NCLT, Principal Bench approving the Resolution Plan of the Corporate Debtor Sare Gurugram Pvt. Ltd. by Order dated 24th April, 2023.

 Appellants’ case in the Application is that Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process against the Corporate Debtor commenced vide Order dated 09.03.2021 in pursuance of the admission order. IRP made a public announcement on 12.03.2021 called for number of claim from the creditors. Claims were filed. CoC was constituted. Form G was published thereafter EOI was received and in pursuance of RFRP Resolution Plans were received. Resolution Plan came to be approved by the CoC with 100% vote on 17.12.2021 the Resolution Professional filed an Application for approval of the Resolution Plan being I.A. No. 702 of 2022 which came to be approved by the Adjudicating Authority vide Order dated 24th April, 2023. The Appellant/Applicant filed this Appeal on 25th January, 2024. The ground in the Application is that Appellant were not aware of the CIRP of the Corporate Debtor and they came to know about the Order dated 24th April, 2023 only on 23rd November, 2023. The Appellant was added in WhatsApp group namely “Sare Shop Buyers Group’ on 09.10.2023 and thereafter Appellant wrote an email on 18.10.2023 to the RP which was bounced back. After making further enquiries, RP vide email dated 23rd November, 2023 informed the Appellant about CIRP and about the Impugned Order hence this Appeal has been filed. The case of the Appellant further is that coming to know about the Order on 23rd November, 2023, Appeal was e-filed on 30th December, 2023 and hard-copy could be presented on 02.01.2024. It is submitted that Appellants are NRI who are residing outside the country.

8. I.A. No. 808 of 2024: This application prays for condonation of 230 days delay in filing the Appeal. C.A.(AT) Ins. No. 367 of 2024 has been filed on 09.01.2024. The Appellant’s case in the Application is that in November, 2023 Appellant made an attempt to reach SRA vide Email dated 22nd November, 2023. It is

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