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2025 Supreme(Online)(NCLT) 5237

NATIONAL COMPANY LAW TRIBUNAL
SH. CHARANJEET SINGH GULATI, MEMBER (T), SH. SUSHIL MAHADEORAO KOCHEY, MEMBER (J)
Mr. Bharatkumar Mohanlal Suchak – Appellant
Versus
M/s Dombivali Paper Manufacturing Co. Pvt. Ltd. – Respondent
IA/36/2023 | CP/177(MB)2021



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners:

The National Company Law Tribunal may annul directors' appointments deemed oppressive and mismanaged under the Companies Act, ensuring adherence to statutory governance procedures.

Headnote:(A) Companies Act, 2013 - Sections 241 and 242 - Oppression and Mismanagement - Petition allowed against illegal appointments of directors; Respondent nos. 2, 3 and 4 declared to have acted oppressively and mismanaged the affairs of the company - Directors removed, and restoration of losses mandated. (Paras 36, 37, 38)

(B) Jurisdiction of NCLT - NCLT empowered to adjudicate disputes arising out of oppression and mismanagement in the company under the Companies Act - Family arrangements and MoUs cannot override statutory requirements for governance. (Paras 5-6)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners, legal heirs of the deceased original promoter, had substantial shares and sought relief for oppression due to non-compliance with statutory provisions in the appointment of directors and management of company affairs. (Paras 1-2)

Findings of Court:
The appointments of director roles held by Respondent 3 and 4 were invalid due to lack of notice to existing shareholders; conduct of Respondents constituted oppression contrary to company laws. (Paras 5-6)

Issues: Validity of director appointments without notice; whether petitioners retained requisite shareholding; implications of family settlements in corporate governance. (Paras 6-7)

Ratio Decidendi: Shareholders must be duly notified for meetings affecting company governance; failure to notify is oppressive; family agreements do not negate adherence to statutory obligations of the Companies Act. (Paras 5-6)

Result: Petitioners’ application allowed, resulting in the removal of Respondent directors and mandating restoration of losses. (Paras 36-38)

1. The Interlocutory Application 36 of 2023 has been filed on 02.01.2023 under Section 241 , 242 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“Act”) by Ms. Beena Bharatkumar Suchak and Sharmila Bharatkumar Suchak against Respondent Company seeking the following reliefs:

i. That this Hon'ble Tribunal allows this Applicant's Interlocutory Application.

ii. That the Respondent no. 4’s Affidavit in Reply be discarded and disregarded for the purpose of Company Petition no. 177 of 2021.

iii. That the Respondent nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6’s right to file Reply be closed.

iv. That strict cognizance be taken for wrongful and false submissions made by the Respondents in their pleadings.

v. That the Company Petition no. 177 of 2021 be heard and disposed off on an urgent basis.

vi. That this Hon'ble Tribunal may be pleased to grant such other and further reliefs as may be deemed fit and proper by this Hon'ble Tribunal, in the interest of justice.”

Description of Parties:

2. Mr. Bharatkumar Mohanlal Suchak (Bharatkumar) is the original promoter, director cum shareholder of the Respondent Company. He holds 9,100 fully paid up equity shares of Rs. 100/- each amounting to Rs. 9,10,000/- (Rupees Nine Lakhs Ten Thousand) as reflected in the list of shareholders as on 31.03.2019, which is annexed as Annexure 1 to the Company Petition.

3. Mrs. Beena Bharatkumar Suchak (Beena) is a wife of Petitioner 1 and holds 2,500 fully paid up equity shares of Rs. 100/- each amounting to Rs. 2,50,000/-

4. Ms. Sharmila Bharatkumar Suchak (Sharmila) is a daughter of Petitioner 1 and holds 100 fully paid up equity shares of Rs. 100/- each amounting to Rs. 10,000/-

5. M/s Dombivali Paper Manufacturing Co. Pvt. Ltd. (Respondent 1/ Respondent Company/ Company) is a Private Company limited by Shares, incorporated in 1985. The Authorised Share Capital of the Respondent Company is Rs. 50,00,000/- (Rupees Fifty Lakhs) divided into 50,000 equity shares of Rs. 100/- each. The paid-up share capital of the Respondent Company is Rs. 40,00,000 (Rupees Forty Lakhs).

6. Mr. Dilipkumar Mohanlal Suchak (Respondent 2/ Dilipkumar) is a promoter and director of the Respondent company since its incorporation. Respondent 2 is unilaterally responsible for the management of day-to-day affairs of the company.

7. Mrs. Harsha Dilipkumar Suchak (Respondent 3/ Harsha) is a wife of Respondent 2 and Director of the Respondent company as on 30.09.2009.

8. Mr. Krish Dilipkumar Suchak (Respondent 4/ Krish) is a son of Respondent 2 and Director of the Respondent company as on 29.09.2018.

9. The names of Respondent 2 to 4 are reflected as Directors of Respondent company in the Master Data, which is annexed as Annexure 2 to the Company Petition.

10. Mr. Mustafa Attar (Respondent 5/ CA Mustafa), M/s. Attar & Associates, Chartered Accountants, is Statutory Auditor of Respondent company.

11. Mr. Yogesh Dinanath Dabholkar (Respondent 6/ CS Yogesh) is a Company Secretary of Respondent company, holding Membership no. 6336, CP No. 6752.

Averments made in the Application:

12. The Company Petition 177 of 2021 was filed by the Petitioners on 03.11.2020. Separate I.A. was filed for amendment of Company Petition to substitute Mr. Bharatkumar with his legal heirs & allow Mr. Rakesh to added as Petitioner 4 in CP 177/2021. It is submitted that, Mr. Krish, Respondent 4, filed his Affidavit in Reply in July 2022, 21 months after the date of filing of Company Petition 177/2021.

13. After perusal of Affidavit in Reply dated 18.07.2022, the Applicants (legal heirs of Mr. Bharat) submitted that Affidavit in Reply has been filed by Respondent 1, 2, 3, 4 & 6. However, vakalatnama has been only signed by Respondent 4. In the absence of vakalatnama on behalf of 1, 2, 3 & 6, the reply cannot be construed as a valid Affidavit in Reply.

14. Further Respondent company has neither signed the vakalatnama, nor authorised any personnel to file an Affidavit in Reply on behalf of the Respondent Company and Mr. Dilip, despite being involved with the day- to-day affairs o

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