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2024 Supreme(Online)(NGT) 2116

NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL PUNE (WESTERN ZONE BENCH)
Dinesh Kumar Singh, Judicial Member, Vijay Kulkarni, Expert Member
Gopal Vithal Bholnekar – Appellant
Versus
Goa Coastal Zone Management Authority – Respondent
Original Application No.87/2022(WZ)



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mrs. Fawia M. Mesquita
For the Respondents: Ms. Supriya Dangare, Mr. Pronoy Kamat

Structures in CRZ-II areas (developed municipal zones landward of pre-1991 roads, beyond 100m HTL) governed by local planning rules, not CRZ permission; Tribunal lacks jurisdiction over family property disputes lacking environmental harm.

Headnote:(A) CRZ Notification, 2011 - Para 7(ii) & 8(II) - Areas designated as CRZ-II (developed municipal areas with infrastructure, landward of pre-1991 roads) fall outside strict CRZ regulation and are governed by local town and country planning rules - Structures at 286.84 m from HTL (bay) beyond 100m CRZ limit, hence no CRZ permission required; disputes over pre-existing constructions in such areas pertain to civil property rights, not environmental jurisdiction of Tribunal. (Paras 36-46, 48)

(B) National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 - Section 14(4) - Limitation - Application filed ~10 years after initial 2012 transgression report barred where cause arose in 2011-2015, not continuing despite claims of ongoing reconstruction; family property disputes masquerading as environmental claims not maintainable. (Paras 18-19, 47)

(C) Private property disputes - Ancestral co-owned land - Multiple prior litigations (writs, civil suits for injunctions, disconnections) indicate harassment via successive proceedings rather than genuine ecological harm; Tribunal refuses to entertain where no environmental damage proven. (Paras 20, 47)

Facts of the case:
Co-owners dispute constructions/reconstructions on shared ancestral plots in municipal limits near bay. Applicants alleged CRZ violations, illegal tenements, sanitation hazards, sought demolition, restoration, compensation. Respondents claimed pre-1991/1980 structures, obtained soak pit NOCs post-disconnections, contested limitation, maintainability as private rights issue. Prior writs/civil suits existed; GCZMA initially ambiguous, later clarified non-CRZ status.

Findings of Court:
Disputed area is CRZ-II, outside NDZ (100m from bay), governed by municipal/TCP rules, not requiring CRZ clearance. No environmental violation jurisdiction; matter is civil family property dispute with protracted litigation history.

Issues: Whether structures violate CRZ requiring demolition; limitation/applicability of continuing cause; Tribunal jurisdiction over alleged private property/environmental overlap.

Ratio Decidendi: CRZ extent measured from bay HTL per CZMP; structures beyond 100m in developed municipal area (CRZ-II, landward of pre-1991 road) exempt from CRZ permission, regulated locally - core basis for environmental relief fails; Tribunal not for settling family ownership battles absent ecological harm. Accepted GCZMA apology for affidavit errors, expressed displeasure at unverified submissions.

Result: Original Application dismissed. No costs.

Table of Content
1. applicants allege illegal crz constructions by co-owners. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
2. crz regulations violated; continuing cause of action claimed. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
3. respondents deny new builds; claim pre-1991 structures, limitation. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25)
4. litigation history over soak pits and disconnections detailed. (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
5. gczma clarifies crz-ii inapplicable; structures outside crz. (Para 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
6. property 286m from bay exceeds 100m crz limit. (Para 43 , 44 , 45 , 46)
7. application dismissed; family dispute not environmental. (Para 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51)

JUDGMENT

1. This Original Application has been filed with the prayers that the respondent No.1-GCZMA be directed to conduct a site inspection of the land bearing Survey Nos.134/4 and 136/1 of Nagarcem-Palolem, Canacona, Goa, in which illegal tenements has been constructed and take action against the respondent No.3- Meena Ulhas Bholnekar, respondent No.4- Nikita Ulhas Bholnekar and respondent No.5- Namita Ulhas Bholnekar, who have raised the said construction within the Municipal Limits of respondent No.2-Canacona Municipal Council, in order to pass a demolition order of the said illegal construction; compensation be ordered to be paid to the applicants, who are co-owners of the said properties, which have been damaged; and respondent Nos.3 to 5 be ordered to restore the same.

2. In brief, the facts of this case are that the Applicant No.1- Gopal Vithal Bholnekar and Applicant No.2- Sudha Gopal Bholnekar are husband and wife respectively. The respondent No.3- Meena Ulhas Bholnekar is the mother of respondent No.4- Nikita Ulhas Bholnekar and respondent No.5- Namita Ulhas Bholnekar. The Applicant No.1 and the deceased husband of respondent No.3, Ulhas Vithal Bholnekar are brothers and sons of late Shri Vithal Gopal Bholnekar and Smt. Rukmini Vithal Bholnekar respectively, who were the original owners of the subject properties. Thus, the present Applicants and the respondent Nos.3 to 5 are co-owners of the properties in question i.e. Survey Nos.134/4 and 136/1 of Nagarcem-Palolem, Canacona, Goa.

3. It is further mentioned in this application that in Survey No.134/4, there existed an ancestral house bearing H. No.174/4, admeasuring an area of about 200 square meters, which originally belonged to the father of Applicant No.1, who lived in that house till he died in the year 1977 and thereafter, his wife Mrs. Rukmini continued to live therein till her death on 16-01-1998. After Rukmini’s death, the brothers- Gopal and Ulhas took the possession of this house in equal portion and divided the same by a common wall, each portion comprising 100 sq. mtrs. approximately and were allotted H. No.10/174 and H. No.10/174-A respectively by the respondent No.2-Canacona Municipal Council.

4. It is further mentioned in this application that the applicants are residing in their land portion even today. But the respondent Nos.3 to 5 have completely re-constructed their portion into a Ground + 1 structure by increasing the plinth, with RCC Slabs, and additionally obliterating the existing sewage system and soak-pit by erecting 3 new constructions bearing House Nos.170/3, 168, 174A thereon in the subject property bearing Survey No.134/4 without seeking any permission/s from any authority/ies. In the other property bearing Survey No.136/1 also, the respondent Nos.3 to 5 have also erected new constructions without any permission/s from the appropriate authority/ies.

5. It is further mentioned in this application that pursuant to the complaints made by the applicants, the respondent No.2- Municipal Council dr“ew a Document of Transgression on 10-01-2012 pertaining to the violations in Survey No.134/4, which would clearly point out the Transgressions/illegal new constructions along-with a sketch thereof. The details of the sites and areas of these

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