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2026 Supreme(Online)(Pat) 3060

PATNA HIGH COURT
JITENDRA KUMAR, J
Rambabu Prasad Sah @ Rambabu Prasad – Appellant
Versus
The State of Bihar – Respondent


Advocates:
For the Appellant/s:Mr. Ajay Kumar Thakur, Advocate, Mrs. Vaishnavi Singh, Advocate, Mr. Ritwik Thakur, Advocate
For the Respondents:Mr. Binay Krishna, Spl. P.P., Mr. Gopal Jha, Advocate

Judgement Key Points

What are the rights of an appellant to have their sentence suspended and be released on bail when the prosecution fails to prove the minority of the victim under the POCSO Act due to the absence of school certificates? What is the legal standard regarding the margin of error in ossification tests used to determine a victim's age in POCSO cases? What are the consequences for the prosecution if they fail to exhibit seized clothes of the victim or conduct a competency test under Section 118 of the Evidence Act prior to the victim's testimony?

Key Points: - The appellant was convicted under Section 376 IPC and Section 4 of the POCSO Act and sentenced to 10 years of rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 20,000/- (!) . - The appellant argued that the prosecution failed to prove the victim's minority because no school certificates were brought on record to establish age (!) . - The appellant contended that without school certificates, the age determined by ossification test (showing 16 years) plus a two-year margin of error would make the victim 18, negating the POCSO presumption (!) (!) . - The appellant claimed the victim's competency test under Section 118 of the Evidence Act was not conducted before her testimony, casting doubt on her evidence (!) . - The appellant highlighted that clothes worn by the victim were seized but not exhibited, suggesting an adverse inference against the prosecution (!) . - The appellant noted the prosecution's medical evidence showed no sign of rape, despite the test being conducted on the date of occurrence (!) . - The court observed that the appellant had already served approximately four years and four months of the 10-year sentence (!) . - Considering the pendency of the appeal and the time served, the court suspended the execution of the sentence and directed the release of the appellant on bail (!) . - The bail was granted subject to the furnishing of a bond of Rs. 10,000/- with two sureties of the same amount (!) . - The case was listed for hearing in due course (!) .

What are the rights of an appellant to have their sentence suspended and be released on bail when the prosecution fails to prove the minority of the victim under the POCSO Act due to the absence of school certificates?

What is the legal standard regarding the margin of error in ossification tests used to determine a victim's age in POCSO cases?

What are the consequences for the prosecution if they fail to exhibit seized clothes of the victim or conduct a competency test under Section 118 of the Evidence Act prior to the victim's testimony?


CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE JITENDRA KUMAR ORAL ORDER

5 20-01-2026 Heard learned counsel for the appellant, learned APP for the State and learned counsel for the Informant.

2. Learned counsel for the appellant is pressing the prayer, as made in the memo of appeal, for suspending the execution of sentence and release of the appellant on bail during pendency of the appeal submitting that the impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence are not sustainable in the eye of law. He further submits that the appellant has been convicted under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code and Section 4 of the POCSO Act and he has been sentenced to R.I. for 10 years and fine of Rs. 20,000/- and in case of default of payment of fine, he was directed to undergo further simple imprisonment for six months.

3. Learned counsel for the appellant further submits that one of the foundational facts to prove the prosecution case under the POCSO Act is to prove the minority of the alleged victim. He further points out that as per the prosecution case, the alleged victim was a student of school. However, no educational certificates or school certificates whatsoever have been brought on record to prove th

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