SUMEET GOEL, JUDGE

1. By way of the present common judgment, we proceed to decide the instant batch of three civil writ petitions, since there is commonality of the facts and congruity of legal issues therein, as stated by learned rival counsel. The details of these writ petitions read, thus:

(a) Anuj Malik vs. The Union of India and others (CWP-PIL-104-2025)

(b) Kanvik Foundation vs. State of Haryana and others (CWP-PIL 120-2025.

(c) Davinder Singh vs. State of Punjab and others (CWP-PIL-89-2025)

For the cause of convenience, the facts are drawn out from CWP-PIL-104-2025 titled as Anuj Malik vs. The Union of India and others (hereinafter referred to as the petition in hand).

2. The petition in hand has been preferred under Article 226 of the Constitution of India with the following substantive prayer:

“i. Issuance of a writ in the nature of mandamus directing the Respondents to take immediate and appropriate action to restrain all online opinion trading platforms, mobile applications, websites, and digital mediums from advertising, promoting, or marketing betting and wagering activities through platforms including YouTube, X(twitter), Instagram, Facebook, Radio, Print Media, Television,