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2026 Supreme(Online)(Raj) 11604

HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN (JAIPUR BENCH)
Anoop Kumar Dhand, J
Shiv Charan Gupta – Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan – Respondent
S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous (Petition) No. 4107/2012



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: R.N. Mathur, Harsh Saraswat, Shiv Charan Gupta, B.K. Sharma, Birdhilal
For the Respondents: Jitendra Singh Rathore, P.C. Sharma, Kapil Bhardwaj, Aditya Kakade

Criminal proceedings initiated after inordinate delay to resolve a purely civil dispute over property possession constitute an abuse of the process of law and are liable to be quashed under inherent powers.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 448 and 120B - SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 - Section 3(5) - Criminal proceedings - Quashing of FIR - Civil dispute converted into criminal litigation - Delay of 18 years in filing FIR - Abuse of process of law.

(B) Criminal procedure - Quashing of FIR - When the allegations in the FIR are essentially civil in nature and the complaint is filed after an inordinate delay of 18 years with an ulterior motive, the Court under its inherent powers must intervene to prevent the abuse of the process of law and to secure the ends of justice.

Facts of the case:
The petitioner and the complainant entered into an agreement in 1986 regarding the allotment of a house under a Housing Board scheme. The house was eventually regularized in the petitioner's name in 1994. The complainant did not contest this for 18 years, only lodging an FIR after his own application for a different housing scheme was rejected in 2012. The petitioner sought to quash the FIR alleging it was an attempt to settle a civil dispute through criminal coercion.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the dispute regarding the possession of the house was purely civil in nature. The significant delay of 18 years in filing the complaint, coupled with the lack of bona fides, indicated that the FIR was lodged with an ulterior motive to harass the petitioner. The court emphasized that criminal law should not be used as a platform to settle personal scores or to circumvent civil remedies.

Issues: Whether criminal proceedings can be sustained for a dispute arising from an 18-year-old property regularization, and whether the FIR constitutes an abuse of process.

Ratio Decidendi: Where a complaint is lodged after an inordinate delay without justification and the core dispute is civil in nature, continuing the criminal proceedings causes undue harassment and constitutes an abuse of the process of law; thus, the court is empowered to quash such proceedings to secure the ends of justice.

Result: Petition allowed; FIR quashed.

Table of Content
1. overview of allegations concerning the disputed property allotment and the subsequent delay in fir registration. (Para 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. examination of the evidence regarding the transfer/power of attorney and the complainant's admission of allotment. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
3. the court examines whether the dispute is civil in nature and if the long delay suggests a lack of bona fide. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. application of legal principles on fir quashing and conclusion that the litigation is an abuse of process. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)

Order

1. By way of filing the instant misc. petition, a prayer has been made to quash the impugned FIR No. 486/2012, registered with the Police Station Shipra Path, District Jaipur City (East) for the offences punishable under Sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 448 and 120B IPC and Section 3(5) of SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities), Act 1989.

2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the complainant-respondent No.5 submitted an application, on behalf of the petitioner, seeking allotment of a house under the MLA/Ex MLA Special Registration Scheme, 1986 (hereinafter referred to as, “the Scheme of 1986”) of the Rajasthan Housing Board (for short, "the RHB"). The requisite amount along with the aforesaid application was submitted in the office of RHB on 29.09.1986. Thereafter, allotment was made by the RHB in the name of the complainant-respondent No.5 on 02.01.1992 and House No. 4/173, SFS, Mansarovar, Jaipur (hereinafter, “subject house”) was allotted in his name on "HIRE PURCHASE" basis. Counsel further submits that an agreement was executed between the complainant-respondent No.5 and the petitioner on 30.09.1986 by which the petitioner was given Special Power of Attorney for depositing the requisite amount with the RHB and getting possession of the subject house, allotted by the RHB under the Scheme of 1986. Counsel submits that on 01.08.1994, an agreement was executed by the complainant-respondent No.5 in favour of the petitioner by which the complainant-respondent No.5 agreed for cancellation of allotment of the subject house in his name and also accepted that he would have no objection, in case the subject house is allotted in the name of the petitioner. Counsel submits that on the basis of the aforesaid documents, the petitioner submitted an application before the RHB for making allotment of the subject house in his name and thereafter, the RHB published a notice in the daily newspaper Rajasthan Patrika on 27.09.1994, inviting objections against cancellation of certain allotments made by the RHB. This notice included the name of the complainant-respondent No.5 against the subject house. Counsel further submits that when no objections were received by the RHB, against cancellation of the complainant-respondent No.5’s allotment, the same was carried out by the RHB vide Office Order dated 19.12.1994 and subsequently, regularized/re-allotted the subject house in favour of the petitioner vide letter dated 30.12.1994. Since then, the petitioner is in possession of the subject house. Counsel submits that thereafter, in the year 2006, the complainant-respondent No.5 submitted another application in the office of the RHB for getting allotment of a house under the RHB’s Special Registration Scheme-2006 (hereinafter, “Scheme of 2006”) which is floated for allotment of a house to MLAs and Ex MLAS. The aforesaid application submitted by the complainant respondent No.5 was rejected by the RHB on 19.10.2012 on the ground that allotment of a house was already made in his favour by the RHB under the Scheme of 1986 and the complainant respondent No.5 has suppressed this information, while applying for allotment of house under the Scheme of 2006. Counsel submits that now, after a lapse of almost 18 years from the date of regularization of the subject house in the name of the petitioner, the complainant-respondent No.5 woke up and lodged the impugned FIR wherein a prayer has

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