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2025 Supreme(Online)(SC) 9844

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
N.V. ANJARIA, J
RAMA BAI – Appellant
Versus
M/S AMIT MINERALS THROUGH INCHARGE OFFICER/COMPETENT OFFICER & ANRS. – Respondent


Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Kaustubh Shukla
For the Respondents: Mr. Gopal Singh

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. The absence of a valid driving licence at the time of the accident absolves the insurance company from liability to pay compensation. This is because the breach of the licensing condition in the insurance policy is considered a valid legal defense for the insurer (!) (!) (!) .

  2. The court reaffirmed that conditions under the Motor Vehicles Act, specifically regarding the validity and renewal of driving licenses, must be met by drivers to uphold the insurer’s liability (!) (!) .

  3. The principle of "pay and recover"—where the insurance company initially pays the compensation and later recovers the amount from the insured—applies only when the driver holds a valid and effective driving license at the time of the accident (!) (!) (!) .

  4. When the driver does not possess a valid license, the insurance company is entitled to avoid paying the compensation altogether, as the breach of policy conditions justifies exoneration from liability (!) .

  5. The court upheld the decision of the lower courts to exonerate the insurance company due to the driver’s invalid licence, and accordingly, the appeal was allowed, confirming that the insurer is not liable to pay compensation in such circumstances (!) .

  6. Although the insurance company is not liable in this case, the court indicated that the insurer could satisfy the compensation amount initially and subsequently recover it from the insured owner, aligning with the "pay and recover" principle (!) .

Please let me know if you need further analysis or assistance with this case.


Table of Content
1. background of the accident and compensation claims. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments regarding 'pay and recover' principle. (Para 4 , 5)
3. court's endorsement of high court's findings on invalid driving licence. (Para 6)
4. final conclusion on exonerating the insurance company. (Para 7)

JUDGEMENT

N.V. ANJARIA, J.

Preferred by the appellant-claimants, the present Appeal is directed against judgment and award dated 11.06.2020 of the High Court of Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur in M.A. (C) No. 876 of 2013, whereby the High Court enhanced the compensation payable to the appellant-claimant and absolved respondent No. 3 – Insurance Company from the liability to pay the amount, fastening the same on respondent Nos. 1 and 2 – driver and the owner respectively.

2. The case and grievance of the appellant is that the High Court ought to have applied the doctrine of “pay and recover” requiring the Insurance Company to satisfy the amount of compensation to the claimant and subsequently allow the Insurance Company to recover the amount in accordance with law.

2.1 In support of the plea that principle of ‘pay and recover’ should have been applied, the appellant pressed into service the decisions

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