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2025 Supreme(Online)(SCDRC) 6109

STATE CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL COMMISSION
Vishav Kant Garg, Member
Balwinder Singh – Appellant
Versus
Dr. Sonia Gupta – Respondent
First Appeal | C.C. No. 47 of 2017



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Ms. Dhivya Jerath
For the Respondents: Sh. Binderjit Singh, Sh. Vivek Singla, Sh. B.S. Taunque

A complainant receiving free medical services does not qualify as a consumer under the Consumer Protection Act unless evidence of negligence is substantiated, as established in prior case law.

Headnote:(A) Consumer Protection Act, 2019 - Section 41 - Medical negligence - Appeal against dismissal of complaint alleging negligence in delivery by medical officers - Complainant's wife suffered kidney injury post-surgery, which was contested by respondents. The District Commission found no negligence by the medical staff and dismissed the complaint. (Paras 12, 41)

(B) Definition of 'Consumer' under Section 2(1)(d) - The treatment provided was free of charge, thus the complainant did not fall under the definition of a consumer as defined by the Act. The court relied on precedent from Indian Medical Association case to outline that beneficiaries of free services can be considered consumers. (Paras 23-24)

(C) Standard of proof for negligence - The complainant failed to provide credible evidence of negligence. The inquiries conducted by independent medical boards found no malpractice by the medical staff in treating the complainant’s wife. (Paras 32-33)

Table of Content
1. introduction of appellant and background facts (Para 1 , 3)
2. details of allegations and events leading to the appeal (Para 4 , 12 , 19)
3. court's conclusion on appeal dismissal (Para 5 , 35)
4. preliminary objections and responses by respondents (Para 7 , 9 , 11 , 15)
5. arguments from respondents regarding no negligence (Para 8 , 10 , 14 , 16)
6. court's analysis of evidence presented (Para 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 30)
7. ratio decidendi: legal framework on medical negligence (Para 26 , 32)

VISHAV KANT GARG, MEMBER :

Appellant/Complainant-Balwinder Singh has filed the present Appeal to challenge the impugned order dated 12.12.2019 passed by the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, Bathinda (in short, “the District Commission”), whereby the Complaint filed by the Complainant had been dismissed.

2. It would be apposite to mention here that hereinafter the parties will be referred, as were arrayed before the District Commission.

3. Briefly, the facts of the case as made out by the Appellant/Complainant in the Complaint filed before the District Commission are that Veerpal Kaur, the wife of the Complainant was pregnant and on 23.09.2016, due to labour pain, she alongwith her mother went to Civil Hospital, Talwandi Sabo at about 7.30 am where OPs No.1&2 after examining her, had informed that she was going to deliver the child within few minutes and was admitted. They informed that there was no medical complications in the delivery. During this process, they obtained her signatures on some blank papers and also demanded Rs.10,000/- for the said procedure. Within 30 minutes of her admission, she gave birth to a baby girl. It was alleged that in the morning of 24.09.2016, OPs No.1&2 had informed that suddenly the condition of the wife of the Complainant was deteriorated due to some latent disease and referred the case of Veerpal Kaur to Faridkot Medical College. However, intentionally they had not informed him that the condition of the patient had deteriorated due to negligence of Dr. Sonia Gupta-OP No.1 as she had caused acute kidney injury upon the patient during the process of surgical delivery (LSCS). OP No.2 had accompanied Veerpal Kaur in an Ambulance when the patient was shifted to Medical Hospital, Faridkot. OP No.2 had further demanded Rs.5,000/- on the way to Medical Hospital, Faridkot but they had refused to pay the same. However, OP No.2 had refused to go to Faridkot and in the way get off from the Ambulance at Bathinda. Said Veerpal Kaur was admitted by the Complainant in Guru Gobind Singh Medical College & Hospital, Faridkot at 12.30 pm. On examination by the Doctors at Faridkot, they found some acute kidney injury caused by OP No.1 during the surgery. There was no improvement in the health of Veerpal Kaur during the period from 24.09.2016 and 25.09.2016, therefore, the Complainant had decided to take her to some higher medical institute at Ludhiana and got discharged her from the said Hospital. He took the patient to SPS Hospital, Ludhiana on 26.09.2016 and got admitted there. Due to acute kidney injury, the condition of Veerpal Kaur was not improved and on 31.10.2016, she had expired. As per the Death Summary of SPS Hospital, Ludhiana, the cause of death of the patient was Post LSCS and Acute Kidney Injury.

4. It was further alleged that OP No.1 and OP No.2 were responsible for the kidney injury to Veerpal Kaur caused due to the carelessness and negligence in performing the surgery. Such negligent act on the part of the OPs No.1&2 caused mental tension, agony, botheration, harassment, loss of love and affection to family. The Complainant had been facing a lot of difficulties in upbringing his children after the death of Veerpal Kaur. Stating the act of the opposite parties to be a case of ‘deficiency in service’, ‘unfair trade practice’ and also a case of ‘medical negligence’, it was prayed in the Complaint that for such an act, he be granted a compensation to the tune of Rs.10 lakh with interest @ 1

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