Abetment of suicide under Section 306 IPC requires proof of direct or indirect acts of incitement to suicide, and mere harassment or financial pressure is not sufficient.

ORDER:

This petition is filed under Section 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 seeking bail to the petitioners/A-1 to A-3 in the event of their arrest in connection with Crime No.508 of 2020 of KPHB Colony Police Station, Cyberabad District, registered for the offence punishable under Section 306 IPC.

2. The case of the prosecution is that the de facto complainant lodged a complaint on 19.06.2020 at 06.30 hours stating that his co-brother, namely, Varanasi Viswanath, aged 64 years, was found missing and his whereabouts are not known and his cell number was not responding and he is having financial problems.

3. Leaned senior counsel for the petitioners Sri L. Ravi Chander, representing Sri Akkam Eshwar, learned counsel for the petitioners, submits that initially, a complaint was registered under Section 174 Cr.P.C., for man missing, later, basing on the suicide note, the Section of law was altered to Section 306 IPC. Learned Senior Counsel submits that in the suicide note, initially it was mentioned that no one is responsible for his death and in the later part, the names of the petitioners are mentioned. Learned Senior Counsel further submits that in the alteration memo, it is stated that the deceased has joined in the company as Executive Director in the month of October, 2017, and they have taken railway sub-contract doubling work from Bhimavaram to Tanuku and the company has given cheque power to the husband of the deceased and he will be the in-charge for the said doubling work and the management assured that they will invest the amount and he should carry out the entire work, but as they did not compete the work, their contract work was terminated and the deceased had informed to his wife that as the vendors pressurized him, he has issued cheques, later, in the month of December, 2019, she went to USA, and in the month of January, her husband i.e., deceased came to USA, where he received phone calls from Chandrasekhar and Sitharam, who have insisted him to return to India to settle the issues. It is stated in the said memo that the accused had instigated the vendors to pressurize on the deceased and unable to bear the pressure, he committed suicide. Learned counsel further submits that even if all the allegations in the complaint are taken on its face value, they do not attract the offence under Section 306 IPC, and it is purely financial transaction between the parties. He further submits that as the cheques issued by the deceased were dishonoured, check bounce cases were registered and not able to bear the said pressure, the deceased has committed suicide and absolutely, there is no instigation or abetment on behalf of the petitioners and as such, their case may be considered for pre-arrest bail.

4. Learned Assistant Public Prosecutor submits that the investigation is pending, so far, 6 witnesses were examined. Therefore, the petitioners are not entitled for pre-

arrest bail.

5. Having heard learned counsel on either side, it is appropriate to have a look at Section 306 I.P.C. which reads thus:

“306. Abetment of suicide - if any person commits suicide, whoever abets the commission of such suicide, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine."

6. Abetment involves mental process of instigating the person or intentionally aiding the person for doing of a thing. Without a positive act on the part of the accused in aiding or instigating or abetting the deceased to commit suicide, the said person cannot be compelled to face a trial. (Criminal Application (Apl) No.547 of 2017 the High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench, Nagpur).

7. Before holding an accused guilty of an offence under Section 306 of IPC, the court must scrupulously examine the facts and circumstances of the case and also assess the evidence adduced before it in order to find out whether the cruelty and harassment meted out to the victim had left the victim with