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2025 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 41443

IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
B.R. Madhusudhan Rao, J
Mohd. Mohiuddin – Appellant
Versus
Jangam Marthamma – Respondent
CIVIL REVISION PETITION NO.2245 OF 2023



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Not listed
For the Respondents: Not listed

Legatees under a will concerning suit property, even if the will is executed during pendency of the suit, are proper and necessary parties under Order I Rule 10(2) of the CPC for the complete and effective adjudication of a specific performance suit.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order I Rule 10(2) - Impleadment of parties - Suit for specific performance - Suit property bequeathed via will during pendency of suit - Legatees under a valid testamentary document are proper and necessary parties to enable the court to completely and effectually adjudicate all questions involved in the suit - Provision of law does not annul transfers made pendente lite, but renders them subject to the final outcome of the suit.

(B) Civil Procedure - Dominus Litis - Power of Court to implead parties - While a plaintiff is dominus litis, the court has the power to implead parties under Order I Rule 10(2) if their presence is necessary for effective and complete adjudication.

Facts of the case:
The petitioner/plaintiff filed a suit for specific performance against the original owner of a property. During the pendency of the suit, the owner died, and the property was bequeathed via a registered will to two individuals. These individuals filed an application to be impleaded as defendants, which was allowed by the Trial Court. The plaintiff challenged this order in the High Court, contending that he is the dominus litis and that the will was executed in violation of an interim injunction.

Findings of Court:
The High Court upheld the order of the Trial Court, noting that the legatees under the will are proper and necessary parties. The Court observed that transferees pendente lite are representatives in interest, and their presence assists the Court in a complete and final adjudication of the suit.

Issues: Whether the Trial Court erred in impleading the legatees of the suit property as defendants in a suit for specific performance, given the plaintiff's status as dominus litis and the existence of a prior injunction order.

Ratio Decidendi: A person claiming interest in the property via a will during the pendency of the suit is a proper party whose presence allows for the complete adjudication of the issues. While a transfer made in violation of an injunction remains subject to the court's decree, such legatees have a sufficient interest to be impleaded, and the court under Order I Rule 10(2) can add parties whose presence is required for full justice.

Result: Civil Revision Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. summary of trial court's order allowing impleadment based on succession. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. arguments based on the principle of dominus litis. (Para 6 , 7)
3. court's scope under article 227 and analysis of the property title. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)

ORDER:

1. The present Civil Revision Petition is filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India assailing the order dated 04.07.2023 passed by the learned Senior Civil Judge, Chevella, Ranga Reddy District in I.A.No.335 of 2023 in O.S.No.137 of 2015.

2. Respondent Nos.1 and 2 herein have filed I.A.No.335 of 2023 in O.S.No.137 of 2015 to implead them in the suit as defendant Nos.6 and 7 being the successors of the suit schedule property and other properties from their grandmother [defendant No.1]. G.Narsimha Goud, who is one of the GPA holders of the respondent Nos.1 and 2 herein – petitioners sworn the affidavit and contended that the grandmother of the respondent Nos.1 and 2 – petitioners by name Jangam Marthamma w/o. late J.Rajaratnam was the absolute owner and possessor of the land bearing Survey No.341, admeasuring Ac.1-34 gts; Survey No.345 to an extent of Ac.1-27 gts, total admeasuring Ac.3-21 gts situated at Peddamangalaram Village, Moinabad Mandal, Ranga Reddy District. During her life time, she executed a registered will deed bearing document No.78/III/2019 dated 28.03.2019 bequeathing the above said land and other properties in favour of the respondents herein – petitioners. Jangam Marthamma (defendant No.1) expired on 06.07.2019 and thereafter, respondent Nos.1 and 2 herein - petitioners have succeeded to the above said lands and other properties by virtue of the will deed. On 10.04.2022, respondent No.1 – petitioner No.1 went to the office of the Tahsildar of Moinabad Mandal, Ranga Reddy District for the purpose of mutation of their names in respect of the above said properties and VRO, Peddamangalaram village advised them to make an application for mutation in Mee seva, on the same day, respondent No.1 - petitioner No.1 has obtained EC and he was shocked to know that Mohd.Mohiuddin, [proprietor of the plaintiff - petitioner herein] has created two registered sale deeds in respect of the properties to an extent of Ac.1-24 gts vide document No.1746/2008 dated 21.04.2008 for an extent of Ac.0-20 gts., in Survey Nos.341 and 345 and vide document No.1802 of 2008, dated 25.08.2008 for an extent of Ac.1-04 gts in Survey Nos.341 and 345. Basing on the sale deeds petitioner herein – plaintiff brought into existence several sale deeds in favour of third parties. Further, respondent No.1 – petitioner No.1 shocked to know that mutation application could not be received as the lands were put in prohibitory list on account of a Court order in the above suit. Respondent No.2-petitioner No.2 is in London and the respondent No.1-petitioner No.1 is preoccupied with his business, as such he is unable to look after the above said properties personally and they executed a GPA on 03.08.2022. Respondent Nos.1 and 2 herein - petitioners are proper and necessary parties to the suit and they may be brought on record as defendant Nos.6 and 7.

3. Petitioner herein - respondent No.1 in I.A.No.335 of 2023 filed counter and contended that they purchased total land admeasuring Ac.3-03 guntas from J.Marathamma, out of which, she has executed two registered sale deeds in part i.e., Ac.0-20 gts and Ac.1-04 gts vide two registered sale deed document Nos.1746/2008, dated 21.04.2008 and 1802/2008, dated 25.08.2008 in Survey Nos.341 and 345. J.Marthamma had signed two other sale deeds to an extent of Ac.0-39 guntas and Ac.0-20 guntas on 25.08.2008 but evaded to appear before the SRO having received entire sale consideration from Mohammad Mohiuddin. Therefore, he filed a suit for specific performance. J.Marathamma already filed written statement in the above suit on 30.07.2018, having knowledge of interim injunction orders it is not possible for J.Marathamma

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