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2025 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 64654

IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
P. Sam Koshy, Narsing Rao Nandikonda, JJ
Commissioner of Customs, Central Excise & Service Tax – Appellant
Versus
Nagarjuna Construction Company Limited – Respondent
CENTRAL EXCISE APPEAL NO.04 OF 2011



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: A. Rama Krishna Reddy
For the Respondents: Vedula Srinivas, Chitralekha

Infrastructure construction for a State entity engaged in the sovereign function of supplying water, as a constitutional mandate under Article 21, does not qualify as a 'Commercial or Industrial Construction Service' under the Finance Act, 1994, even if minor cost-recovery tariffs are involved.

Headnote:(A) Finance Act, 1994 - Section 65(25b) - Commercial or Industrial Construction Service - Providing pipelines for water supply - Whether construction of pipelines by an assessee for a Water and Sewerage Board falls under 'Commercial or Industrial Construction Service' when the Board is engaged in sovereign functions alongside cost-recovery mechanisms - The court assessed whether the primary nature of the activity was commercial or a sovereign constitutional obligation to provide water. (Paras 9, 15, 18, 20)

(B) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - Section 2(j) - Industry - Whether the entity performing water supply is an 'industry' - The court referred to the expanded interpretation of 'industry', yet maintained that the constitutional duty to provide drinking water under Article 21 of the Constitution is a sovereign function, distinguishing it from purely commercial construction service under the Finance Act. (Paras 20, 21, 23)

Facts of the case:
The assessee, an infrastructure company, was awarded a contract by a State Water and Sewerage Board for laying long-distance pipelines in Gujarat. Following an investigation, the Department issued a show-cause notice demanding service tax under the category of 'Commercial or Industrial Construction Service,' arguing that the Board operates on commercial lines by charging different rates for water supply. The Tribunal set aside the demand, ruling that the Board’s activities did not constitute commercial or industrial services.

Findings of Court:
The Court held that the provision of drinking water, arising from the constitutional obligation under Article 21, is a sovereign function. While the Board might be an 'industry' for the limited purpose of the Industrial Disputes Act, it does not automatically render the infrastructure construction for such public water project a 'commercial or industrial construction service' for the purposes of the Finance Act. The Court found no infirmity in the Tribunal's decision to classify these services outside the ambit of the taxable category.

Issues: Whether the services rendered by the construction company to the State Water Board are taxable under 'Commercial or Industrial Construction Service' in light of the Board's dual role and sovereign obligations.

Ratio Decidendi: Sovereign functions performed by a State entity for the distribution of essential resources like water, derived from constitutional mandates, do not lose their character merely because cost-recovery tariffs are charged; thus, infrastructure construction for such entities is exempt from service tax under the specific taxable category of 'Commercial or Industrial Construction Service.'

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. overview of the demand for service tax on construction activities performed for a state water board. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. identification of substantial questions of law regarding the definition of 'commercial or industrial construction service'. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. examination of whether the service constitutes a sovereign function or commercial activity. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
4. constitutional obligation of providing water and status of water boards under the industrial disputes act. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
5. final confirmation that infrastructure for public water projects does not fall under the taxable commercial service definition. (Para 23 , 24 , 25)

JUDGMENT: (per Hon’ble Sri Justice Narsing Rao Nandikonda)

This appeal is filed by the appellant-respondent under Section 35G of the Central Excise Act, 1944 (for short, ‘the Act, 1944’) against the Final Order No.819 of 2010, dated 17.05.2010 passed in Appeal No.AT/73/2008 by the learned Customs, Excise & Service Tax Appellate Tribunal, South Zonal Bench, FKCCI-WTC Building, K.G. Road, Bangalore (for short, ‘CESTAT’).

2. Heard Sri A.Rama Krishna Reddy, learned Senior Standing Counsel for Central Excise, appearing for the appellant and Sri Vedula Srinivas, learned Senior Counsel representing Smt.Chitralekha, learned counsel appearing for the respondent.

3. The brief facts of the case are that M/s. Nagarjuna Construction Company Limited is having its Registered Office at Nagarjuna Hills, Hyderabad, (for short, ‘NCCL’) and obtained Centralized Registration with Hyderabad-II Commissionerate, Customs, Central Excise & Service Tax, for the purpose of discharging its service tax liability for certain taxable services under the Finance Act, 1994 (for short, the Act, 1994’) provided at various places all over India under Service Tax Registration No.AAACP4709NST001.

4. It is stated that NCCL is registered with the department as provider of taxable service falling under the category ‘Commercial or Industrial Construction Services’, ‘Consulting Engineers Services’, ‘Erection, Commissioning or Installation Services’ etc. The NCCL was awarded contract for laying of long distance pipelines in the State of Gujarat under a contract awarded to them by M/s. Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board (GWSSB). Basing on the Intelligence gathered by the Directorate General of Central Excise Intelligence (DGCEI), Ahmedabad Zonal Unit, Ahmedabad, it was found that the respondent was not paying appropriate Service Tax on the said Taxable Services and an inquiry was initiated and investigation was conducted by the DGCEI, Ahmedabad Zonal Unit.

5. It is further stated that basing on the said findings of the inquiry, a Demand-cum-show cause notice in F.No. DGCEI /AZU /12(4)27/ 2005- Nagarjuna, dated 30.07.2007 was issued by the Additional Director General, DGCEI, Ahmedabad Zonal Unit to the assessee, proposing total demand of Rs.7,15,36,082/- towards the Service Tax payable by the assessee. But, the same was not paid by the assessee on the said Taxable Service of CICS during the period 16.06.2005 to 31.03.2007 under Section 73 of the Act, 1994 by invoking the extended period of five years as per proviso to sub section (1) of Section 73 of the Act, 1994. A show cause notice was issued proposing charging of interest on the said tax amount in terms of Section 75 of the Act, 1994 and also penalty under Sections 76 and 78 of the Act, 1994.

6. It is stated that the said show cause notice was answerable to the Commissioner, Customs, Central Excise & Service Tax, Hyderabad-II Commissionerate, being the Jurisdictional Adjudicating authority. It is further averred that the Commissioner, Customs, Central Excise and Service Tax, Hyderabad-II Commissionerate, Hyderabad vide Order-in-Original No.19/2008-ST, dated 31.10.2008 confirmed the demand of Service Tax of Rs.7,15,36,082/- under Section 73(2) of the Act, 1994 along with interest under Section 75 of the Act,

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