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2026 Supreme(Online)(UK) 2030

HIGH COURT OF UTTARAKHAND
Alok Mahra, J
Jogendra – Appellant
Versus
Doli Katariya – Respondent
CRLR No. 346 of 2021 | Criminal Case No. 209 of 2016 | Misc. Case No. 80 of 2021



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Rohit Kumar, I.D. Paliwal
For the Respondents: N.S. Kanyal, Sachin Kumar

The scope of criminal revision against an order of interim maintenance is limited to examining the legality and propriety of the impugned order. Courts should not interfere with the quantum of maintenance unless the findings are perverse or the awarded amount is shockingly arbitrary or excessive.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure - Section 125 - Maintenance to spouse - Revision - Scope of interference - Court of revision is not to substitute its view for that of lower court - Interference is only warranted if decision is perverse, illegal, or the awarded amount is shockingly arbitrary or excessive (Paras 9, 10).

Facts of the case:
An application for maintenance was allowed by the lower court, granting monthly payments after assessing the income of the spouse from multiple professional engagements. Following non-compliance, recovery proceedings were initiated, resulting in the issuance of a recovery warrant. The revisionist challenged these orders, asserting that the income assessment was based on surmises and that the lower court failed to consider concrete evidence regarding employment status.

Findings of Court:
The court found no infirmity in the assessment of the spouse's income, which was based on multiple sources of employment. The court reiterated that the scope of revision is restricted to examining the correctness and legality of the orders and does not extend to the reappreciation of evidence unless there is a clear failure to consider admissible evidence.

Issues: The primary issues were whether the trial court’s income determination was arbitrary and if a revisional court should interfere with the quantum of interim maintenance awarded.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that in the absence of perversity or an excessively arbitrary figure, the revisional court must not interfere with an order for interim maintenance. The court is not required to re-evaluate evidence unless there is a clear omission of material facts or reliance on inadmissible evidence.

Result: Criminal revision dismissed.

Table of Content
1. establishing the factual matrix and procedural history of the maintenance application. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. parties' arguments regarding income assessment and maintenance liabilities. (Para 6 , 7)
3. validation of income-based maintenance orders supported by evidentiary record. (Para 8 , 9)
4. limited scope of criminal revision against interim maintenance orders. (Para 10 , 11)

Mr. Rohit Kumar, learned counsel, holding brief of Mr. I.D. Paliwal, learned counsel for the revisionist.

2. Mr. N.S. Kanyal, learned A.G.A for the State.

3. Mr. Sachin Kumar, learned counsel for the complainant/respondent no. 2.

4. The present criminal revision has been preferred by the revisionist against the judgments and orders dated 15.03.2021 and 25.10.2021 passed by Judge, Family Court, Haridwar in Criminal Case No. 209 of 2016, Doli @ Praveen Katariya Vs. Jogendra, whereby, the application under Section 125 Cr.P.C. has been allowed and interim maintenance of Rs.8000/- per month has been awarded to respondent no. 2 from the date of filing of the application i.e. 14.09.2016.

5. Brief facts of the case are that respondent no. 2 initially filed an application under Section 125 Cr.P.C. in Criminal Case No. 209 of 2016 before the Judge, Family Court, Haridwar. Her application filed under Section 125 Cr.P.C. was allowed and the revisionist was directed to pay interim maintenance of Rs. 8000/- to respondent no. 2 from the date of filing of the application i.e. 14.09.2016. When revisionist failed to pay the awarded interim maintenance, as awarded vide order dated 15.03.2021, respondent no. 2 filed an application under Section 125 (3) Cr.P.C. in Misc. Case No. 80 of 2021 to recover the interim maintenance from the revisionist, whereby, the revisionist did not appear on the date fixed and learned court below vide order dated 25.10.2021 issued recovery warrant against the revisionist for the recovery of arrear of the interim maintenance through Police Station–Sadar, District Saharanpur, District Uttar Pradesh. Feeling aggrieved, the present criminal revision has been filed by the revisionist.

6. Learned counsel for the revisionist would submit that revisionist is still unemployed and he is ready to pay the maintenance from the date of passing of the judgment and order dated 15.03.2021. Learned counsel for the revisionist would submit that the court below has wrongly considered the income of the revisionist. Learned counsel for the revisionists would further submit that fixation of the income by the Trial Court is merely on the basis of surmises and conjectures, the Court below has also failed to appreciate that the Hon'ble Apex Court has categorically stated in the catena of judgments that at the time of fixation of the maintenance, the Court should have considered the concrete evidence available on record in regard to the salary of the husband and the trial court erred in not appreciating the fact of the instant case.

7. On the other hand, learned counsel for the State and learned counsel for respondent no. 2 have opposed the instant revision.

8. Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the record.

9. Even in the order passed in the application under Section 125 Cr.P.C., it has been mentioned that revisionist was running a coaching class in Delhi and was earning around Rs. 45,000/- per month from there. Besides this, he was also working in an NGO from where he was earning Rs. 25,000/- approx. As such, he was earning around Rs. 70,000/- per month. Thus, after hearing the leaned counsel for the parties and after perusing the record, this Court does not find any infirmity in the impugned judgments and orders dated judgments and orders dated 15.03.2021 and 25.10.2021.

10. Furthermore, it is also true that the scope of criminal revision is very restricted. It is exercised just to examine the correctness, legality or propriety of any finding, sentence or order. Evaluation and appreciation of evidence is not desired unless

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