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HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Vinay Joshi, J
Mr. Vinod S/o Raghodev Kamale – Appellant
Versus
Mrs. Dhanashree w/o Vinod Kamale – Respondent
CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 874/2021



Important Points

Interim maintenance must reflect the spouse's financial capability and standard of living based on prima facie evidence, with an emphasis on truthful income disclosure.

Subject

Family Law - Domestic Violence

Act Referred

Headnote

(A) Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act - Section 12, 20 - Maintenance - Husband challenged interim maintenance order stating courts misread his income; wife claimed extensive domestic violence and sought relief - Trial Court awarded Rs. 20,000/- - Issues of income suppression arose as husband left prior lucrative role for property dealing. (Paras 3, 4, 8, 10)

(B) Interim maintenance should reflect marital status and financial capability - Courts are to assess the prima facie material without considering final evidence, thus the current claim must be supported by clear evidence of income. (Paras 6, 9)

Facts of the case:
The respondent claimed financial abuse and requested relief through the D.V. Act after several incidents of harassment by the husband. The claim included monetary assistance under the circumstances of domestic violence.

Findings of Court:
The claim of excessive maintenance was denied as fair evidence suggested substantial income not disclosed by the petitioner.

Issues: Whether the interim maintenance was excessive based on the petitions’ evidenced financial circumstances.

Ratio Decidendi: The maintenance rate established must reflect the parties' living standards and the determination of income is subject to preliminary findings without complete evidential review.

Result: Petition dismissed.

Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Vipul B. Bhise
For the Respondents: Mr. R. S. Parsodkar

Table of Content
1. background on domestic violence claim and interim maintenance request. (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
2. arguments regarding income and maintenance rate determination. (Para 6 , 8)
3. court’s observation on financial status and evidence. (Para 7 , 9)
4. final court reasoning on interim maintenance ruling. (Para 10)
5. conclusion dismissing the petition. (Para 11)
JUDGMENT :

1.RULE. Rule is made returnable forthwith.

2. Heard finally by consent of respective parties.

3. The petitioner (husband) has challenged the order of interim maintenance passed by the Trial Court, confirmed in appeal. The impugned interim order dated 04.01.2020 was passed by the Magistrate during pendency of application filed by respondent (wife) under Section 12 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (‘D.V. Act’). The order has been challenged on the ground that both Courts below failed to consider the income of the petitioner while fixing the interim maintenance. It is argued that the petitioner is working as Commission Agent earning Rs. 10,000/- to 12,000/- per month, however both the Courts below misread the material and granted interim maintenance at excessive rate of Rs. 20,000/- per month.

4. The facts in brief are that, the respondent (wife) got married with petitioner (husband) on 08.12.2013. She was subjected to several acts of harassment which falls within the term ‘Domestic Violence’ as defined under Section 3 of the D. V. Act. The petitioner allegedly neglected and refused to maintain her. She claimed multiple reliefs under the D. V. Act including monetary relief as provided under Section 20 of the D. V. Act. The Trial Court prima facie found that the respondent is an aggrieved person as a result of domestic violence and thus, awarded interim maintenance @ Rs. 20,000/- per month. The appeal against said interim order is dismissed.

5. Both learned counsels have restricted their submission to the extent of quantum of maintenance, hence I need not go to the other factual aspects. It is the respondent’s claim in the application under the D. V. Act that the petitioner husband was earlier serving as a Lecturer in the Engineering College drawing salary to the tune of Rs. 50,000/- per month. However, for better prospect, he left salaried job and started to indulge into property dealing under the name and caption of OSHIN Realtors India Private Ltd. Company, from which he earns Rs. 3,00,000/- to 4,00,000/- per month. Besides that petitioner owns 30 acres of ancestral agricultural land having sufficient yield. On the other hand, respondent wife does not have source of income and thus, for her essential needs and to meet medical expenses, she claimed interim maintenance. The petitioner has denied the alleged income by stating that by resigning job of lectureship, he started to work as Commission Agent in the company from which he hardly earns Rs.10,000/- to 12,000/- per month. He denied to have agricultural land in his name, but stated that there is few land standing in the name of joint family from which he does not get income.

6. At the outset, it is to be born in mind that this petition has come against interim order. The parties have yet to lead evidence in support of rival claims. Naturally, on the basis of prima facie material, the interim maintenance has to be fixed. The petitioner has not denied that he was serving as a Lecturer in the Engineering College. Pertinent to note that petitioner has not specifically denied that he was earning Rs. 50,000/- per month towards salary. The Trial Court expressed that since petitioner has voluntarily left a salaried job having good income, that by itself indicates that he gets lucrative income from his property dealing business. The petitioner has produced copies of two Income Tax Returns, however, as per respondent’s case, the petitioner has suppressed his business income to parry payment of taxes. Logically, the petitioner must have been earning much more as he has left a lucrative salaried job fr

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