Introduction

[1] This judgment concerns the plaintiffs application under O 14 r 1 of the Rules of Court 2012 ("the Rules") to enforce a guarantee. The dispute arises from a loan agreement structured under the Shariah principles of Commodity Murabahah, in which the first defendant ("D1") was the borrower, and second, third and fourth defendants ("D2", "D3", and "D4") acted as guarantors. Following D1's failure to meet its installment obligations, a default judgment was entered against D1, D2, and D4. The plaintiff now seeks summary judgment against D3, asserting that D3 is liable as the principal debtor and indemnitor. D3, however, oppos