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2025 MarsdenLR 240

HIGH COURT MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR
RHB TRUSTEES BERHAD – Appellant
Versus
FOLKS CORPORATE SERVICES SDN BHD & ANOR – Respondent
[Civil Suit No: WA-22NCvC-174-03/2024]



Petitioner Advocates:Gopal Sreenevasan,Michelle Chew,Ramjahentherau Venketesan ,Respondent Advocate: Prakash KVP Menon,Vinoshi Saminathan

Counsel's dual role as advocates and potential witnesses creates a conflict of interest, necessitating recusal to maintain judicial integrity.

Headnote:(A) Legal Profession (Practice & Etiquette) Rules 1978 - Rules 2, 3, 4, 5, 27, and 28 - Recusal of counsel - Application to disqualify law firms and counsels due to direct pecuniary interest in disputed payments totaling RM3,000,000.00 - Counsel's dual role as advocates and potential witnesses creates conflict of interest - Court emphasizes the need for professional independence and integrity in judicial proceedings. (Paras 1, 10, 28)

(B) Right to Counsel - The right to choose counsel is not absolute and must yield to principles of fairness and justice when conflicts arise. (Paras 26, 28)

Facts of the case:
The Plaintiff seeks to disqualify two law firms and their counsels due to their involvement in allegedly wrongful payments made to them from a Trust, which are central to the dispute. (Paras 2, 4)

Findings of Court:
The court finds compelling grounds for recusal based on direct pecuniary interests, potential witness issues, and compromised professional independence. (Paras 10, 30)

Issues: Whether the law firms and counsels should be disqualified due to conflicts of interest arising from their involvement in the disputed payments. (Paras 7, 28)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the lawyers' direct financial interests and potential witness roles create an irreconcilable conflict, necessitating their recusal to uphold the integrity of the judicial process. (Paras 10, 30)

Result: Plaintiff's application for recusal allowed.

Judgement Key Points

Certainly. Based on the provided legal document, here are the key points summarized:

  1. The application for recusal was initiated because the lawyers involved in the case, specifically the two law firms and their respective counsels, have a direct pecuniary interest in the outcome of the dispute, as they received substantial payments from the Trust that is central to the case (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  2. The court found that the lawyers' financial interests create a conflict of interest that compromises their professional independence and objectivity, which is essential for the integrity of the judicial process (!) (!) .

  3. The lawyers are potential material witnesses due to their involvement in the disputed payments, which further conflicts with their role as advocates, as they may be called to testify about the payments and fee arrangements (!) (!) .

  4. Their prior involvement in related proceedings and their mention in relevant reports raise concerns about evidence suppression and professional independence (!) .

  5. Several rules governing legal ethics prohibit advocates from acting where there is a direct pecuniary interest, where they might be embarrassed, or where their professional conduct might be impugned. These rules support the disqualification of the lawyers in this case (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  6. The right to choose counsel, while important, is not absolute and must be balanced against principles of fairness and justice, especially when conflicts of interest threaten the integrity of the proceedings (!) (!) .

  7. The court emphasized that disqualification is a protective measure to uphold the administration of justice rather than a punitive action, and the pecuniary interest of the lawyers is substantial and direct (!) (!) .

  8. The court concluded that the combination of direct financial interest, potential witness role, and conflict of professional independence justified the disqualification of both law firms and their counsels from representing the defendants in these proceedings (!) (!) .

  9. The application for recusal was granted, and the lawyers were disqualified from acting for the defendants to preserve the integrity of the judicial process (!) .

  10. The court acknowledged the importance of maintaining high standards of judicial integrity and emphasized that the interests of fairness and justice take precedence over the litigants' right to counsel of their choice in circumstances where conflicts are evident (!) (!) .

These points collectively highlight the court’s reasoning in prioritizing the integrity of the judicial process over the litigants' preferences, leading to the disqualification of the involved legal representatives.


JUDGMENT

(Application For Recusal Of Defendants' Counsel And Solicitors - Enclosure 41)

Roz Mawar Rozain J:

[1] The delicate balance between a litigant's right to counsel of choice and the paramount need to maintain the integrity of the administration of justice lies at the heart of this application. What makes this case particularly compelling is that the very lawyers whose recusal is sought are inextricably woven into the fabric of the underlying dispute, being recipients of the allegedly wrongful payments that form the subject matter of this suit. This unique circumstance brings into sharp focus the fundamental principles governing lawyer recusal and the court's role as guardian of the proper administration of justice.

The Recusal Application

[2] Before me is the Plaintiff's application in encl 41 seeking to disqualify two law firms and also the respective counsels on records for the Defendants, namely (a) Messrs Rosley Zechariah and Ms Renu Zechariah (Messrs RZ) (b) Messrs Isharidah Ho Chong & Menon and Mr Prakash Menon (Messrs IHCM) from continuing to represent the Defendants in these proceedings.

[3] The application arises in the context of a larger dispute involving the Plaintiff, RHB Trustees Berhad, acts as Trustee of the Linggiu Valley Orang Asli (Jakuns) Trust and the Second Defendant was the former Receiver & Manager (R&M) of the Trust. The First Defendant was the corporate vehicle through which the Second Defendant performed his R&M duties. The Second Defendant's court ordered appointment as R&M of the Trust came to an end on 15 March 2019 when the court ordered the Plaintiff to take over as trustee as at 16 March 2019.

[4] The claims in this case, amongst others, involve alleged wrongful payments totaling approximately RM3,000,000.00 made to these law firms which the Plaintiff seeks to recuse from acting as solicitors for the Defendants. These payments are alleged to breach fiduciary duties owed to the Trust and the earlier court order of the appointment. The Plaintiffs pleaded that the breach of the fiduciary duties included having made the said payments to themselves and to the solicitors and counsels.

[5] Not to ignore the importance of brevity but the allegations pleaded by the Plaintiff are reproduced herein for clearer and easier reference. It is noted that the solicitors and counsels are the ones whom the Plaintiff seeks a recusal order. The Plaintiff's Statement of Claim (SoC) pleaded its claims that the Defendants:

(a) failed to consider or sufficiently consider whether the amounts paid to the solicitors and counsels for their respective scope of work were justified and/or reasonable;

(b) failed to make any attempt or any reasonable attempt to negotiate a fair and/or reasonable fee with the solicitors and/or counsels for their respective scope of work; and

(c) did not obtain fee quotes and/or agree on legal fees prior to the appointment of the solicitors and/or counsels.

[6] The solicitors and counsels are Prakash Menon of Messrs Isharidah Ho Chong & Menon (IHCM) and Renu Zechariah of Messrs Rosley Zechariah. They represent and are acting for the First and Second Defendants respectively in these proceedings defending the Plaintiff's claim.

[7] This application essentially seeks to remove both law firms and counsels from representing the Defendants due to their direct involvement in the disputed transactions and potential conflicts of interest that would compromise their professional independence and the administration of justice. The key salient facts relied upon by the Plaintiff for recusal of the law firms and counsels in summary are as follows:

(1) Trust Fund Payments: The Plaintiff alleges wrongful payments were made by the Defendants to the two law firms:

(a) RM694,198.20 to IHCM;

(b) RM2,261,553.46 to RZ.

(2) Conflict of Interest: Both law firms are recipients of the Trust monies which form the subject matter of this suit. The lawyers' professional conduct and independence would be compromised as their own payments


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