The offence of smuggling migrants can be established through both direct and indirect participation in facilitating unlawful entry or exit.

Collin Lawrence Sequerah J:

A) Introduction

[1] Both Accused ("OKT 1 and OKT2") respectively abovenamed were charged separately under s 26A of Anti-Trafficking in Persons and Anti-Smuggling of Migrants Act 2007 ("ATIPSOM 2007").

[2] The amended charge against OKT1 was as follows:

"Bahawa kamu pada 3 Julai 2017 bertempat di Bahagian Pasport, Aras 2, Jabatan Imigresen Malaysia Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Kompleks Kementerian Dalam Negeri (KDN), No 69, Jalan Sri Hartamas 1, Off Jaian Tuanku Abdul Halim, 50480 Kuala Lumpur didapati telah menjalankan penyeludupan migran iaitu Peter Loo Chin Choy (Pasport Malaysia Antarabangsa No. A40025618) yang merupakan seorang warganegara Taiwan. Oleh itu kamu telah melanggar peruntukan di bawah s 26A Akta Antipemerdagangan Orang dan Antipenyeludupan Migran 2007 dan boleh dihukum di bawah seksyen yang sama".

[3] The amended charge against OKT2 was as follows:

"Bahawa kamu pada 3 Julai 2017 bertempat di Bahagian Pasport, Aras 2, Jabatan Imigresen Malaysia Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Kompleks Kementerian Dalam Negeri (KDN), No 69, Jalan Sri Hartamas 1, Off Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim, 50480 Kuala Lumpur telah bersubahat dengan Nazman Shah bin Rusli (No. KJP: 780418-14-5531) menjalankan penyeludupan migran iaitu Peter Loo Chin Choy (Pasport Malaysia Antarabangsa No A40025618). Oleh itu kamu telah melanggar peruntukan di bawah s 26A Akta Antipemerdagangan Orang dan Antipenyeludupan Migran 2007 dan boleh dihukum di bawah seksyen yang sama dan dibaca bersama s 109 Kanun Keseksaan".

[4] Both cases were heard jointly.

[5] During the course of the prosecution case, the following witnesses were called:

PW1 - L/Kpl/D Muhammad Fairuz bin Abdul Rashid (Photographer)

PW2 - Sjn Anuar bin Baduka (Raiding Officer for OKT1)

PW3 - ASP Mohd Sairi bin Hassan (Raiding team for OKU)

PW4 - Insp Cheah Calvin (Raiding team for OKT1)

PW5 - Nazman Shah bin Rusli (Immigration Officer/co-accused)

PW6 - ASP Cisco (IO for notice of alibi by OKT 1)

PW7 - ASP Wan Maliq Faizal bin Wan Nasrun (Raiding officer for OKT2)

PW8 - Protected Witness

PW9 - ASP Yasmeen binti Mohd Yunus (IO)

B) Prosecution Case

[6] The pertinent facts of the prosecution case reveal that PW2 arrested OKT 1 on 12 August 2017 based on information received from the Immigration Department.

[7] PW2 lodged a police report in respect of the arrest (marked as P10). The items seized from OKT1 by PW2 is listed out in P10. PW2 then handed over OKU to PW3 together with the items seized on 13 August 2017.

[8] PW3 testified that on 13 August 2017 he received OKU from PW2 together with the items seized. PW3 then prepared a search list (marked as P22). PW3 handed over OKT1 and the items seized to PW4 on 13 August 2017 and prepared the handover acknowledgment form (marked as P23).

[9] PW4 testified that he received OKU from PW3 together with the items seized (as per P23) on 13 August 2017. PW4 then handed over OKU and the items in P23 to PW9 on the same date. The Handover Acknowledgement Form or "Borang Serah Menyerah" is marked as P28.

[10] PW5 testified in his Witness Statement (marked as P29) in para 14 that on 3 July 2017 he was on duty and that day approved a Malaysian International Passport/Pasport Malaysia Antarabangsa (PMA) No A40025618 applied on behalf of a Peter Loo Chin Choy (marked as P31). The application was made by OKT2 accompanied with a payment of RM27,000.00 in cash to PW5 as both had agreed upon earlier.

[11] According to PW5, the said payment was made by OKT2 to him on 3 July 2017 at about 2:00 pm at the Emergency Exit Stairs, Immigration Department, Jalan Duta, Kuala Lumpur.

[12] In para 13 of P29, PW5 testified that his ID is 'nazman78' and in para 15 of P29, he identified Peter Loo Chin Choy's application through the immigration system dated 3 July 2017.

[13] PW5 identified Peter Loo Chin Choy's Mykad (marked as P30) and the said PMA (marked as P31). PW5 also positively identified OKT2.

[14] PW7 testified that on 16 September 2017 he arrested OKT2 and lodged a