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2023 MarsdenLR 586

MAHKAMAH TINGGI MALAYA TEMERLOH
BER: AHMAD SHUKRI ISMAIL; EX-PARTE: LEMBAGA KUMPULAN WANG SIMPANAN PEKERJA
[Kebankrapan No: CB-29PB-159-12/2021]



Petitioner Advocates:Vinod R Kamalanathan ,Respondent Advocate: Norsyakrina Kamal Arifin

Careful adherence to statutory provisions is crucial in bankruptcy proceedings; inaccuracies in the timing of acts of bankruptcy can lead to annulment of bankruptcy orders.

Headnote:Statute Analysis: Under s 3(1)(i) of the Akta Insolvensi 1967, an act of bankruptcy occurs if a creditor serves a bankruptcy notice and the debtor fails to comply within seven days. Facts of the Case: The appellant sought to set aside a bankruptcy notice claimed to have been served improperly.

Findings of Court:
The court found the bankruptcy proceedings were irregular due to the incorrect date of the act of bankruptcy being cited.

Issues: The court needed to determine if the act of bankruptcy occurred on 24 December 2019.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the calculation of the seven-day response period should exclude public holidays, deciding the act of bankruptcy actually occurred on 26 December 2019, not 24 December 2019.

Result: The appeal was allowed, the bankruptcy notice and subsequent orders were set aside.

Table of Content
1. appellant's basis for contesting the bankruptcy notice. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. discussing procedural correctness of the application. (Para 5 , 6 , 10)
3. determining enactment periods for acts of bankruptcy. (Para 12 , 13 , 19 , 20)
4. clarification of the calculations relevant to bankruptcy. (Para 14 , 15 , 21)
Roslan Mat Nor PK:

Pendahuluan

[1] Ini adalah rayuan kepada Hakim Dalam Kamar terhadap keputusan Timbalan Pendaftar yang telah menolak Saman Dalam Kamar Perayu. Perayu melalui Saman Dalam Kamar tersebut memohon agar Notis Kebankrapan bertarikh 30 Oktober 2019 diketepikan, Perintah Kebankrapan ke atas Perayu pada 28 Oktober 2021 juga dibatalkan dan Petisyen Pemiutang bertarikh 19 Jun 2020 diketepikan.

Asas Permohonan

[2] Asas kepada permohonan untuk membatalkan Notis Kebankrapan adalah disebabkan tiadanya perbuatan kebankrapan disebabkan tempoh tujuh (7) hari yang diberikan untuk Penghutang Penghakiman menjelaskan bayaran amaun di dalam Notis Kebankrapan itu bukannya tamat pada 25 Februari 2019 tetapi 26 Disember 2019.

[3] Penghutang Penghakiman di dalam Affidavit Sokongan di Lampiran 2 menyatakan bahawa perbuatan kebankrapan telah dikatakan dilakukan oleh Penghutang Penghakiman pada 24 Disember 2019. Ia adalah bercanggah dengan s 3(1)(i) Akta Insolvensi 1967 yang memperuntukkan seperti berikut:

" Acts of bankruptcy

(1) A debtor commits an Act of bankruptcy in each of the following cases:

(a) ...

(b) ...

(c) ...

(d) ...

(e) ...

(f) ...

(g) ...

(h) ...

(i) if a creditor has obtained a final judgment or final order against him for any amount and execution thereon not having been stayed has served on him in Malaysia, or by leave of the court elsewhere, a bankruptcy notice under this Act requiring him to pay the judgment debt or sum ordered to be paid in accordance with the terms of the judgment or order with interest quantified up to the date of issue of the bankruptcy notice, or to secure or compound for it to the satisfaction of the creditor or the court; and he does not within seven days after service of the notice in case the service is effected in Malaysia, and in case the service is effected elsewhere then within the time limited in that behalf by the order giving leave to effect the service, either comply with the requirements of the notice or satisfy the court that he has a counter-claim, set off or cross demand which equals or exceeds the amount of the judgment debt or sum ordered to be paid and which he could not set up in the action in which the judgment was obtained or in the proceedings in which the order was obtained:

Provided that for the purposes of this paragraph and of s 5 any person who is for the time being entitled to enforce a final judgment or final order shall be deemed to be a creditor who has obtained a final judgment or final order;

(j)..."

[4] Turut dibangkitkan ialah Notis Kebankrapan Lampiran 2 bertarikh 30 Oktober 2019 dan diserahkan kepada Penghutang Penghakiman pada 17 Disember 2019. Isu yang timbul dalam kes ini ialah sama ada tarikh tujuh (07) hari tersebut berakhir pada 25 Disember 2019 atau 26 Disember 2019. Ini adalah disebabkan tarikh 25 Disember 2019 adalah tarikh hari kelepasan am iaitu Cuti Hari Krismas. Penghutang Penghakiman menegaskan bahawa perbuatan kebankrapan tidak sepatutnya berlaku pada 24 Disember 2019 dan sepatutnya pada 26 Disember 2019. Ini menurut Penghutang Penghakiman telah menyebabkan petisyen pemiutang itu adalah tidak sah. Pada masa yang sama Penghutang Penghakiman menyatakan bahawa jumlah tuntutan dalam Notis Kebankrapan tersebut adalah tidak menepati peruntukan undang-undang.

Isu Awalan Prosedur

Adakah Permohonan Ini Teratur?

[5] Peguam Pemiutang Penghakiman berhujah bahawa permohonan ini tidak teratur. la disebabkan permohonan ini dibuat di bawah Kaedah 17 Kaedah-kaedah Insolvensi 2017. Penghutang Penghakiman sepatutnya mengemukakan Notis Rayuan di bawah s 92 Akta Insolvensi 1967 . Bagi memahami isu ini, wajar sekiranya Mahkamah meneliti peruntukan-peruntukan yang b

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