[1] These three appeals arose out of a single case in the court below:

i. Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1640-10-2015

ii. Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1679-10-2015

iii. Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1742-10-2015

[2] The appellant in the 2nd appeal, Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1679-10-2015 was the plaintiff who sued four defendants vide High court Civil Suit No 23NCVC-90 September 2011 for damages based on the tort of defamation. His claim was allowed against all the defendants except the 3rd defendant. Being dissatisfied, the plaintiff has appealed.

[3] The 2nd and 3rd defendants appealed vide the first of the three appeals, that is, Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1640-10-2015. The 1st defendant too, has appealed and his appeal is the third of the three appeals, that is, Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1742-10-2015.

[4] We heard and considered both oral and written submissions from all parties together with the records of appeal and made the following decision, unanimously:

i. Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1742-10-2015 was dismissed with costs; the decision of the High court in respect of the 1st defendant was affirmed;

ii. Civil Appeal No: W-02(NCVC)(W)-1640-10-2015 was also dismiss