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2019 MarsdenLR 1143

MAHKAMAH SESYEN MELAKA
NOR AZNI ARSHAD @ ROSLAN LWN. AZRUL ALI
[Guaman Sibil No: MA-A53KJ-114-04/2018]



In personal injury claims, damages for distinct injuries should be awarded separately, not collectively, based on the principle of individual assessment.

Headnote:This case examines the principles of liability and compensation in a road traffic accident claim. The Court determined that the Defendant is liable for 80% of the damages, with specifics detailed in the judgement regarding the injuries suffered by the Plaintiff and the corresponding awards as found in a multitude of relevant legal precedents. The primary legal issues revolved around the appropriate measures and quantum of damages for personal injuries, with the Court asserting, 'awards for distinct injuries should be allocated separately rather than collectively'. The concluding remarks restate the court's decisions regarding the awards and liabilities, solidifying the verdict with detailed damages allocations derived from thorough legal considerations.

Table of Content
1. nature of the personal injury claim (Para 1 , 2 , 4)
2. establishes the liability percentage and basis for claims. (Para 3)
3. assessment of injuries and liability allocation (Para 5 , 6 , 10)
4. comparison of previous verdicts to argue for a particular award. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
5. defense arguments against the compensatory amounts requested. (Para 11 , 12)
6. concludes the assessment of injuries and damages awarded. (Para 14)
7. future medical expenses and treatment (Para 15 , 31)
8. loss of income and employment impact (Para 47 , 55 , 60)

[1] Ini adalah satu tuntutan gantirugi kemalangan jalan raya 30 yang difailkan oleh Defendan terhadap Plaintif melibatkan kemalangan motosikal WUG 4358 yang ditunggang oleh Plaintif dengan sebuah Motosikal MCH 6011 yang ditunggang Defendan pada 22 Disember 2013. Plaintif merayu terhadap keseluruhan keputusan Mahkamah.

[B] Liabiliti

[2] Liabiliti telah dipersetujui bahawa Defendan bertanggungan 80% dan Plaintif bertanggungan 20%.

[C] Kuantum

[3] Taksiran yang dibuat oleh Mahkamah berdasarkan 100% liabiliti.

Gantirugi Am

[4] Dalam memulakan hujahnya, Plaintif mengesa Mahkamah memberikan award berdasarkan tuntutan berasingan dan bukannya award secara Global. Plaintif telah merujuk Mahkamah terhadap kes Yang Salbiah & Anor v. Jamil Harun, 1981 MarsdenLR 181 [TAB 16] [Federal Court Civil Appeal] Raja 25 Azlan Shah C.J memutuskan, sesuatu kecederaan sepatunya ditaksirkan secara berasingan. Plaintif mengesa Mahkamah memberikan award bagi setiap jenis kecederaan secara berasingan satu-persatu dalam proses penaksiran ganti rugi am memandangkan bahawa kecederaan yang dialami oleh Plaintif adalah berbeza dan berlainan tempat.

[5] Plaintif mengalami kecederaan seperti berikut:

Open Fracture Left Tibia With Bone Loss (5 Cm To 6 Cm) - Malunited

-Shortening of the left tibia - 2.02 cm.

-Pains over the left knee and lower leg. The pains are aggravated by cold weather and after standing and walking for even short distances.

- Walks with aid of 2 crutches.

-Walks with a limp.

-Weakness of the left lower leg.

-Not able to squat.

-Limitation of movements of the left ankle.

- Unsightly scars over the left lower leg.

-Not able to stand unsupported on his left lower limb.

[6] Plaintif juga merujuk Mahkamah kepada beberapa nas yang memutuskan kecederaan serupa :

-Kes Chin Quek Ton ; [2009] 1 PIR 13 65 [TAB 17], Mahkamah mengawardkan RM30,000.00 untuk 10 kecederaan "Closed Fracture of the Right Tibia".

-Kes Teo Peik Ngee ; [2010] 1 PIR 10 [TAB 18], Mahkamah telah mengawardkan RM30,000.00 untuk kecederaan "Closed comminuted fracture medial is condyle of left tibia".

[7] Plaintif mencadangkan Mahkamah memberikan award sebanyak RM60,000.00 tanpa sebarang tolakan.

Fracture Left Fibula (Segmental)- Malunited

[8] Bagi kecederaan di atas, Plaintif telah merujuk Mahkamah kepada nas undang-undang. Kes Mari Rajan Subramaniam & Anor; [2010] 1 PIR 38 , Mahkamah telah mengawardkan RM25,000.00 untuk kecederaan "Closed fracture of the distal end of the left fibula".

[9] Plaintif berhujah award sebanyak M30,000.00 adalah munasabah tanpa sebarang tolakan. Menurut Plaintif beliau masih tidak dapat berjalan dengan sempurna dan terdapat kependekkan sebanyak 2.02 cm dan 5 cm hingga 6 cm bone loss. Keadaan kaki Plaintif "stiff dan mengalami "limb".

[10] Defendan pula dalam hujahnya menyatakan bagi kecederaan Open Fracture Left Tibia dan Fibula With Bone Loss, kecederaan dan kecacatan (disabilities) Plaintif adalah seperti berikut:

• Open fracture left tibia and fibula with bone loss (5 cm to 6 cm)

-Wasting of left lower limb muscle.

- Stiffness of left ankle.

-Reduced power of left leg.

-2.02 cm shortening of left lower limb.

-Limp.

[11] Defendan telah merujuk Mahkamah kepada beberapa nas undang-undang dalam memutuskan award bagi kecederaan:

"Open fracture left tibia and fibula with shortening" seperti berikut:- Di dalam kes Suppiah Karupiah v. Muhammad Adam Mazlan; [2018] 1 PIR 61, Mahkamah memberikan award RM 38,000 bagi kecederaan "Fracture left tibia an

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