[1] "Nothing ventured, nothing gained". Robert Doran (Doran - 1st plaintiff) claimed he had a joint venture with Kuan Pek Seng @ Alan Kuan (Alan) to recycle plastic waste into plastic flakes and to produce plastic staple fibre from plastic flakes, but that he lost his entire investment by reason of Alans breach of the joint venture and breach of fiduciary duties. Doran claimed that his investment in the joint venture was made up of his cash injection of RM17,601,051.57, and his supply, through the 3rd plaintiff, of raw material (which was plastic waste) to the value of RM5,398,830.33. Apart from Alan, the plaintiffs also sought relief from defendants 2-24, whom the plaintiffs alleged had dishonestly assisted and/or abetted Alan.

[2] There were three plaintiffs. But for the purposes of these appeals, all three plaintiffs could be rolled into one, for Doran, a citizen of the United Kingdom who resided at Dubai, also controlled, through his control of Crayford Group Holdings of Iceland, both Plascon Technologies Ltd of Cyprus (2nd plaintiff - PT) and Tadweer FZE of the United Arab Emirates (3rd plaintiff - Tadweer). There were 24 defendants. Alan was defendant 1. Defendants 2 (Kuan Shi