JUDGMENT

Teoh Shu Yee M:

Background

[1] The accused was charged under s 4A(a) of the Common Gaming House Act 1953 ("CGHA"). The charge against him reads as follows:

"Bahawa kamu pada 28 February 2021 jam lebih kurang 5.00 petang di alamat MC 506, Jalan Mawar Jaya 8, Taman Mawar Jaya, Machap Umboo di dalam daerah Alor Gajah dalam negeri Melaka didapati telah membantu dalam menjalankan suatu loteri awam tanpa lesen. Oleh yang demikian, kamu telah melakukan satu kesalahan di bawah s 4A(a) Akta Rumah Judi Terbuka 1953."

[2] The accused claimed trial to the charge. At the trial, the prosecution had called 4 witnesses to prove their case against the accused:

a) PW1: Koperal Shaharudin, the photographer;

b) PW2: Insp Saliman, the raiding officer;

c) PW3: Sjn Abu Bakar, the gaming expert; and

d) PW4: Insp Azril, the investigating officer.

Prosecution's Case

[3] The brief facts of the prosecution's case iis as follows. On 28 February 2021, at about 5.00 pm, acting on information from Ops Dadu and following complaints from the public regarding illegal lottery transactions in Machap Umboo, the complainant (PW2) along with 5 officers from the Criminal Investigation Department, IPK Melaka, conducted a r