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HIGH COURT (KUALA LUMPUR)
SAHERAN SUHENDRAN, JC
Pembinaan BY Sdn Bhd – Appellant
Versus
Minda Muhibah Sdn Bhd & Anor – Respondent
ORIGINATING SUMMONS NO WA-28JM-9-06 OF 2025



Advocates:
Yap Boon Hau(with Nur Ayu Asyikin) (Mah-Kamariyah & Philip Koh) for the applicant.
Lock Jun Qi (Tang Hong & Lock) for the first respondent.
Chia Oh Sheng (with Athena Chan) (Lee Hishammuddin Allen & Gledhill) for the second respondent.

A Judicial Management Application requires substantial evidence to demonstrate the likelihood of achieving company survival, as mere assertions of potential recovery are insufficient.

Headnote:(A) Companies Act 2016 - Sections 405 and 410 - Judicial Management Application - The court considered whether the Respondent, a company, was able to pay its debts and whether a Judicial Management would likely lead to its survival as a going concern. The application for Judicial Management was dismissed due to insufficient evidence proving financial viability and a real prospect of reorganization. The Court allowed an unsecured creditor to intervene based on conflicting judgments regarding the locus of unsecured creditors in Judicial Management Applications. (Paras 1-109)

(B) Judicial Management - The burden of proof lies with the applicant to demonstrate the likelihood of achieving purpose under s. 405(1)(b); mere assertion is insufficient. The Court emphasized the importance of thorough evidence in proving financial circumstances and proposed plans for survival. (Paras 74-94)

(C) Insolvency - Evidence showed the Respondent was severely insolvent with debts exceeding RM70 million, thus questioning the viability of the Judicial Management Application. (Paras 87-99)

(D) Leave Nunc Pro Tunc - The Court granted leave for an unsecured creditor to proceed with winding-up despite the existence of a moratorium, highlighting the legal and practical barriers faced by insolvent companies. (Paras 102-105)

Table of Content
1. applications for judicial management. (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. background facts regarding the contractual relationship. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
3. details on cipaa adjudication and contract terminations. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. subsequent settlement agreements. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 19)
5. statutory notices and winding-up petition filings. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
6. details of the judicial management application. (Para 25 , 26 , 27)
7. court's observations on the locus of creditors. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36)
8. judicial precedent and its implications. (Para 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
9. the assessment of the respondent's financial viability. (Para 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100)
10. conclusion regarding winding-up petitions. (Para 102 , 103 , 104)

Saheran Suhendran JC:

GROUNDS OF JUDGMENT

[1]These Grounds concern 2 applications filed herein, Encl 1 and Encl 10.

INTRODUCTION

[2]Encl 1 was filed by the Applicant, Pembinaan BY Sdn. Bhd. (“Applicant”) for orders, inter alia:

a.that Minda Muhibah Sdn. Bhd. (“the Respondent”) be placed under Judicial Management pursuant to s. 405Companies Act 2016CA 2016”);

b.that Mr. Andrew Heng and Mr. Kumarakuru Krishnan, be jointly and severally appointed as Judicial Managers of the Respondent;

[3]Encl 10 was filed by China State Construction Engineering (M) Sdn. Bhd. (“China State”), pursuant to, inter alia, O. 15 r. 6(2)(b), O. 18 r. 19(1)(b), (1)(c) and/or (1)(d) and O. 92 r. 4 of the Rules of Court 2012 , s. 410(c) CA 2016inter alia, the following Orders:

a.China State be granted leave to intervene and be added as the 2nd Respondent in these proceedings;

b.Encl 1 be struck out;

c.China State be granted leave to continue with the arbitration against the Respondent ‘In the Matter of the Arbitration Act 2005 (Amended 2011 & 2018) and In the Matter of an Arbitration between Minda Muhibah Sdn Bhd and China State Construction Engineering (M) Sdn Bhd’ (“Arbitration”);

d.China State be granted leave nunc pro tunc to continue with the winding up proceedings against the Respondent in KL HCt [OS No. WA-24NCC-339-06/2025] (“OS 339”) and KL H Ct [Companies Winding Up Petition No. WA- 28NCC-648-06/2024] (“Petition 648”);

[4]Save where the context otherwise provides, all references to sections are with reference to the sections of CA 2016.

[5]The contents of these Grounds are set out below.

ContentsPara
INTRODUCTION2-5
BACKGROUND FACTS6-8
CIPAA 19-10
Termination of Contract11-12
Arbitration13
Settlement Agreement 114
CIPAA 215-16
Settlement Agreement 217-19
Statutory Notice of Demand20-21
Respondent’s Fortuna Application (OS 300)22-24
Winding-Up Petition against the Respondent (Petition 648)25-26
China State’s Fortuna Application (OS 339)27
Encl 1 – Judicial Management Application (“JMA”)28-30
China State & the Locus of an Unsecured Creditor31-38
An Unenviable Choice39-59
Inconsistency60-69
Encl. 10 & the Striking Out70-72
Encl 1 & the Appointment of the JM73-86
Respondent is Severely Insolvent87-89
No Real Proof of Financing90-101
Prayer 6 – Leave ‘Nunc Pro Tunc’ to Proceed with Petition 648102-105
CONCLUSION106-108

BACKGROUND FACTS

(see generally, Encl 11)

[6]The following background facts are adopted from the submissions of China State, for which I am grateful.

[7]The Respondent is the employer of a commercial development known as ‘Rencana Royale’ (“Project”).

[8]By a Letter of Award dated 12.11.2018, the Respondent appointed China State as the main contractor for the main building works under the Project (“Works”) for a total sum of RM160,627,298.81 (“Contract”).

CIPAA 1

[9]On 24.6.2022, China State commenced adjudication proceedings (Adjudication Reference No. AIAC/D/ADJ-4334- 2022) against the Respondent for unpaid certified sums due and owing under Interim Payment Certificates No. 18-32, 34 and 35 in respect of the work done (“CIPAA 1”).

[10]On 25.10.2022, China State obtained an adjudication decision against the Respondent for the sum of RM5,285,194.28 together with interest an

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