19-10332 Opinion of the Court 1

[PUBLISH]

In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit ____________________

No. 19-10332 ____________________

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, versus REGINALD GRAHAM, a.k.a. The Real Rico, a.k.a. To Cool Rico, a.k.a. G'Rico Longllive Kingsqueezer, a.k.a. Reggie, ANTONIO GLASS, a.k.a. ntn_1bloodgangsta@yahoo.com, a.k.a. Tone Bleedin Red (Tone Gone Bag'em), a.k.a. Money Man Future @ S16_Future, a.k.a. smackvilletone, a.k.a. Tone Glass, USCA11 Case: 19-10332 Document: 302-1 Date Filed: 12/02/2024 Page: 2 of 142

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a.k.a. (at)tone.glass, JERIMAINE BRYANT, a.k.a. RNS DSBF Capo, a.k.a. (at) d5bf_mc, a.k.a. Blood @_McMaine06, a.k.a. Maine, MARIO RODRIGUEZ, a.k.a. "Blood", a.k.a. "str8_crackk", a.k.a. "Tuti", TORIVIS REGINALD INGRAM, a.k.a. "DSBF Mullet'', MICHAEL WALKER, a.k.a. Laid Back ManMan, a.k.a. Baba, LEVI BRYANT, a.k.a. Fish, CURTIS BRYANT, a.k.a. Snow Luther King Jr., a.k.a. Snow Bryant, a.k.a. Big Momma, DANIEL JONES, a.k.a. Dodo, SAMUEL HAYES, a.k.a. DSBF Jit, a.k.a. Nba Flame, a.k.a. Looney Hoe, USCA11 Case: 19-10332 Document: 302-1 Date Filed: 12/02/2024 Page: 3 of 142

19-10332 Opinion of the Court 3

a.k.a. Sammy,

Defendants-Appellants.

____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 1:17-cr-20307-JEM-7 ____________________

Before WILSON, JORDAN, and BRASHER, Circuit Judges. JORDAN, Circuit Judge: The Wire is said to be one of best television shows of all time. That is in large part because of its realistic depiction of gang vio- lence in an American city. See Emma Jones, How the Wire Became the Greatest TV Show Ever Made, BBC (Apr. 13, 2018), https://perma.cc/2V3Q-GYVK; Rob Sheffield, 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, Rolling Stone (Sept. 21, 2016), https://perma.cc/D862-BGDU. This case is about what happens when that fiction becomes reality. Reginald Graham, Antonio Glass, Jerimaine Bryant, Mario Rodriguez, Torivis Reginald Ingram, Michael Walker, Levi Bryant, Curtis Bryant, Daniel Jones, and Samuel Hayes appeal their convic- tions and sentences for committing numerous crimes in connec- tion with their membership in a Miami-based gang—the Dub USCA11 Case: 19-10332 Document: 302-1 Date Filed: 12/02/2024 Page: 4 of 142

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Street Blood Family or DSBF. For nearly two decades, the gang operated in and tyrannized a community through its drug opera- tions. When narcotics did not prove fruitful enough, its members turned to armed robberies. And when members stepped out of line or rivals encroached on the gang’s territory, its members did not hesitate to kill. 1 The FBI, the Bureau of Alc