[PUBLISH] In the United States Court of Appeals For the Eleventh Circuit

____________________

No. 20-13505 ____________________ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, versus PAUL EDWARD LEE, JR.,

Defendant-Appellant.

____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida D.C. Docket No. 3:20-cr-00066-MMH-MCR-1 ____________________ USCA11 Case: 20-13505 Date Filed: 03/21/2022 Page: 2 of 19

2 Opinion of the Court 20-13505 Before LAGOA, BRASHER, and TJOFLAT, Circuit Judges. LAGOA, Circuit Judge: In 2018, Paul Edward Lee, Jr., was charged with violating 18 U.S.C. § 2251(d)(1). Lee’s § 2251(d)(1) charge proceeded to trial, and a jury found Lee guilty. At the time of Lee’s trial, United States v. Caniff (“Caniff I ”), 916 F.3d 929 (11th Cir. 2019