PUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 22-1762

In re: LEE ANDREW HILGARTNER,

Debtor.

YASUKO YAGI,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

LEE ANDREW HILGARTNER,

Defendant - Appellant.

No. 22-1778

In re: LEE ANDREW HILGARTNER,

Debtor.

YASUKO YAGI,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

LEE ANDREW HILGARTNER,

Defendant - Appellant. USCA4 Appeal: 22-1762 Doc: 36 Filed: 01/18/2024 Pg: 2 of 18

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria. Rossie D. Alston, Jr., District Judge. (1:21-cv-01179-RDA-TCB; 1:21-cv- 01123-RDA-TCB)

Argued: October 25, 2023 Decided: January 18, 2024

Before HARRIS and QUATTLEBAUM, Circuit Judges,