UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT

┐ L. W., by and through her parents and next friends, │ Samantha Williams and Brian Williams; SAMANTHA │ WILLIAMS; BRIAN WILLIAMS; JOHN DOE, by and │ through his parents and next friends, Jane Doe and │ James Doe; JANE DOE; JAMES DOE; RYAN ROE, by and > No. 23-5600 through his parent and next friend, Rebecca Roe; │ REBECCA ROE; SUSAN N. LACY, on behalf of herself │ and her patients, │ Plaintiffs-Appellees, │ │ │ v. │ │ JONATHAN THOMAS SKRMETTI, in his official capacity │ as the Tennessee Attorney General and Reporter, et │ al., │ Defendants-Appellants, │ │ │ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, │ Intervenor-Appellee. │ ___________________________________________ ┘ ┐ JANE DOE 1, et al., │ Plaintiffs-Appellees, │ │ > No. 23-5609 v. │ │ │ WILLIAM C. THORNBURY, JR., M.D., in his official │ capacity as the President of the Kentucky Board of │ Medical Licensure, et al., │ Defendants, │ │ COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY ex rel. DANIEL │ CAMERON, Attorney General of the Commonwealth of │ Kentucky, │ Intervenor-Appellant. │ ┘ Nos. 23-5600/5609 L. W., et al. v. Skrmetti, et al./ Page 2 Jane Doe 1, et al. v. Thornbury, et al.

No. 23-5600 On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee at Nashville. No. 3:23-cv-00376—Eli J. Richardson, District Judge.

No. 23-5609 On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky at Louisville. No. 3:23-cv-00230—David J. Hale, District Judge.

Argued: September 1, 2023

Decided and Filed: September 28, 2023

Before: SUTTON, Chief Judge; WHITE and THAPAR, Circuit Judges. _________________

COUNSEL ARGUED: Clark L. Hildabrand, OFFICE OF THE TENNESSEE ATTORNEY GENERAL & REPORTER, Nashville, Tennes