United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________________ No. 17-2620 GERALD D. W. NORTH, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. UBIQUITY, INC., a Nevada Corporation, f/k/a, UBIQUITY BROADCAST CORPORATION, a Delaware Corporation, f/k/a UBIQUITY HOLDING INC., a Delaware Corporation, Defendant-Appellee. ____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. No. 1:16-cv-5698 — Elaine E. Bucklo, Judge. ____________________

ARGUED MAY 31, 2023 — DECIDED JUNE 26, 2023 ____________________

Before ROVNER, HAMILTON, and SCUDDER, Circuit Judges. SCUDDER, Circuit Judge. For the better part of a decade Ger- ald North and Ubiquity, Inc. have been at loggerheads over the alleged breach of a 2006 contract. After litigating for sev- eral years in Arizona state court, North filed a second lawsuit alleging the exact same breach of contract—this time in a fed- eral