No. 22-2927 ___________________________

Parents Defending Education,

lllllllllllllllllllllPlaintiff - Appellant,

v. Linn Mar Community School District; Shannon Bisgard, in his official capacity as Superintendent; Brittania Morey, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Clark Weaver, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Barry L. Buchholz, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Sondra Nelson, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Matt Rollinger, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Melissa Walker, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board; Rachel Wall, In their official capacity as a member of the Linn Mar Community School District School Board,

lllllllllllllllllllllDefendants - Appellees.

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Foundation for Moral Law; Atlantic Legal Foundation; Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty; Coalition for Jewish Values; American Hindu Coalition; Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team; Institute for Faith and Family; Parental Rights Iowa; The Justice Foundation; Wisconsin Family Action; Illinois Family Institute; Minnesota Family Council; Delaware Family Policy Council; Hawaii Family Forum; The Family Foundation; Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention; Baptist Convention of Iowa; Concerned Women For America; The Ethics & Public Policy Center; The National Legal Foundation; Pacific Justice Institute; Liberty Justice Center; Moms for Liberty; Institute for Free Speech; State of Montana; State of Alabama; State of Alaska; State of Arizona; State of Arkansas; State of Georgia; State of Idaho; State of Kentucky; State of Louisiana; State of Mississippi; State of Nebraska; State of Oklahoma; State of South Carolina; State of Tennessee; State of Texas; State of Utah; State of Virginia; State of West Virginia; Advancing American Freedom; American Cornerstone Institute; American Principles Project; American Values; Centennial Institute at Colorado Christian University; Citizens United; Citizens United Foundation; Committee for Justice; Common Sense Club; Dr. James Dobson Family Institute; Eagle Forum; Faith and Freedom Coalition; Family Research Council; Focus on the Family; National Center for Public Policy Research; Project 21 Black Leadership Network; Sarah Perry; Tea Party Patriots Action; The FAMiLY LEADER; Young America's Foundation,

lllllllllllllllllllllAmici on Behalf of Appellant(s),

One Iowa; Iowa Safe Schools; Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund; Professors of Psychology & Human Development; Interfaith Alliance of Iowa,

lllllllllllllllllllllAmici on Behalf of Appellee(s). ____________

Appeal from United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa - Cedar Rapids ____________

Submitted: February 15, 2023 Filed: September 29, 2023 ____________ Before COLLOTON, BENTON, and KELLY, Circuit Judges. ____________ COLLOTON, Circuit Judge.

Parents Defending Education, an association of parents, brought this action to challenge a policy adopted by the Linn Mar Community School District in Iowa. The district court denied a motion for preliminary injunction, and Parents Defending app