UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 23-35440

Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 1:22-cv- 00329-BLW v. STATE OF IDAHO, ORDER

Defendant-Appellant.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 23-35450

Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 1:22-cv- 00329-BLW v. STATE OF IDAHO,

Defendant,

v. MIKE MOYLE, Speaker of the Idaho House of Representatives; CHUCK WINDER, President Pro Tempore of the Idaho Senate; THE SIXTY- 2 USA V. STATE OF IDAHO

SEVENTH IDAHO LEGISLATURE, Proposed Intevenor-Defendants,

Movants-Appellants.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Idaho B. Lynn Winmill, Chief District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted En Banc December 10, 2024 Pasadena, California

Filed March 13, 2025

Before: Mary H. Murguia, Chief Judge, and Ronald M. Gould, Consuelo M. Callahan, Milan D. Smith, Jr., John B. Owens, Eric D. Miller, Daniel A. Bress, Danielle J. Forrest, Lawrence VanDyke, Lucy H. Koh and Salvador Mendoza, Jr., Circuit Judges.

COUNSEL Catherine M.A. Carroll (argued) and Brian D. Netter, Deputy Assistant Attorneys General; Michael S. Raab, McKaye L. Neumeister, Nicholas S. Crown, and Cynthia A. Barmore, Attorneys, Appellate Staff, Civil Division; Joshua D. Hurwit, United States Attorney; Brian M. Boynton, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General; United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.; Catherine Hess, Melissa Hart, and Jessica Bowman, Attorneys; David L. Hoskins, Acting Deputy Associate Counsel for Litigation; Joel McElvain, Acting Deputy General Counsel; Paul USA V. STATE OF IDAHO 3

Rodriguez, Deputy General Counsel; Samuel Bagenstos, General Counsel; United States Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C.; for Plaintiff-Appellee. John J. Bursch (argued), Bursch Law PLLC, Caledonia, Michigan; James A. Campbell, Erin M. Hawley, and Lincoln D. Wilson, Alliance Defending Freedom, Washington, D.C.; Michael A. Zarian, Attorney; Brian V. Church and Aaron M. Green, Deputy Attorneys General; Alan Foutz and Steven L. Olsen, Assistant Attorneys General; Joshua N. Turner, Deputy Solicitor General; Theodore J. Wold and Alan M. Hurst, Solicitors General; Raul R. Labrador, Idaho Attorney General; Office of the Idaho Attorney General, Boise, Idaho; for Defendant-Appellant. Taylor A.R. Meehan (argued) and Daniel M. Vitagliano, Consovoy McCarthy PLLC, Arlington, Virginia; Daniel W. Bower, Hilty Bower Haws & Seable PLLC, Nampa, Indiana; for Movants-Appellants. Lindsay C. Harrison (argued) and Arjun R. Ramamurti, Jenner & Block LLP, Washington, D.C.; Wendy Olson, Stoel Rives LLP, Boise, Idaho; for Amicus Curiae St. Luke’s Health System, LTD. Jay A. Sekulow and Stuart J. Roth, American Center for Law & Justice, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae American Center for Law & Justice. Melinda R. Holmes, Deputy Attorney General; James A. Barta, Solicitor General; Jenna M. Lorence, Deputy Solicitor General; Thomas M. Fisher, Solicitor General; Theodore E. Rokita, Indiana Attorney General; Office of the Indiana Attorney General, Indianapolis, Indiana; Steve Marshall, Alabama Attorney General, Office of the Alabama Attorney General, Montgomery, Alabama; Treg Taylor, Alaska 4 USA V. STATE OF IDAHO

Attorney General, Office of the Alaska Attorney General, Fairbanks, Alaska; Tim Griffin, Arkansas Attorney General, Office of the Arkansas Attorney General, Little Rock, Arkansas; Ashley Moody, Florida Attorney General, Office of the Florida Attorney General, Tallahassee, Florida; Brenna Bird, Iowa Attorney General, Office of the Iowa Attorney General, Des Moines, Iowa; Kris Kobach, Kansas Attorney Genera