UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT MACKENZIE BROWN, a single No. 20-15568 woman, Plaintiff-Appellant, D.C. No. 2:17-cv-03536- v. GMS STATE OF ARIZONA; ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS, DBA OPINION University of Arizona, a constitutionally created body corporate, Defendants-Appellees, and RICHARD A. RODRIQUEZ; RITA RODRIQUEZ, Defendants,

v. LIDA DEGROOTE, Third-party-plaintiff.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Arizona G. Murray Snow, Chief District Judge, Presiding 2 BROWN V. STATE OF ARIZONA

Argued and Submitted En Banc March 21, 2023 Pasadena, California

Filed September 25, 2023

Before: Mary H. Murguia, Chief Judge, and William A. Fletcher, Johnnie B. Rawlinson, Milan D. Smith, Jr., Jacqueline H. Nguyen, John B. Owens, Michelle T. Friedland, Ryan D. Nelson, Kenneth K. Lee, Lucy H. Koh and Jennifer Sung, Circuit Judges.