UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

KEVIN COOPER; ALBERT No. 18-16547 GREENWOOD BROWN; RONALD LEE DEERE; ROBERT G. FAIRBANK; D.C. Nos. ANTHONY J. SULLY, 3:06-cv-00219-RS Plaintiffs-Appellees, 3:06-cv-00926-RS

v. OPINION GAVIN NEWSOM; SCOTT KERNAN, Secretary of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation; RONALD DAVIS, Warden of San Quentin State Prison, Defendants-Appellees,

v. SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY; SAN MATEO COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY; RIVERSIDE COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY, Applicants in Intervention; Proposed Intervenors, Movants-Appellants. 2 COOPER V. NEWSOM

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California Richard Seeborg, District Judge, Presiding

Argued and Submitted September 16, 2020 San Francisco, California

Filed September 16, 2021

Before: William A. Fletcher, Danielle J. Forrest*,and Lawrence VanDyke, Circu