SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
V.R. KRISHNA IYER AND R.S. PATHAK JJ.**
Raj Kapoor and others, Appellants
Versus
State (Delhi Administration) and others, Respondents.
Criminal Appeal No. 621 of 1979; and Special Leave Petn. (Criminal) No. 2670 of 1979
Decided on 26-10-1979.
Advocates appeared
Mr. B. R. L. Iyengar, Sr. Advocate (M/s. M. Iyengar and P. R. Ramasesh, Advocates with him), for Appellant; Mr. R. N. Sachthey, Advocate (for No. 1) and M/s. Arun Kapil, Shiv Kumar and R. K. Jain Advocates, (for No. 2 ), for Respondents.
* Criminal Misc. No. 13 of 1979, D/- 23-8-1979 (Delhi).
JUDGMENT
KRISHNA IYER, J.:—In our constitutional order, fragrant with social justice, broader considerations of final relief must govern the judicial process save where legislative interdict plainly forbids that course. The dismissal by the High Court, on a little point of procedure, has led to this otherwise avoidable petition for special leave, at a time when torrents of litigation drown this Court with an unmanageable flood of dockets. The negative order under challenge was made by the High Court refusing to exercise its inherent power under Sec. 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code (the Code for short) because the subject fell under its revisional power under S. 397 and this latter power was not unsheathed because a copy of the short order of the trial court had not been filed as required not by the Code, but by a High Court Rule, although the original order, together with all the records, had been sent for and was before the court. A besetting sin of our legal system is the tyranny of technicality in the name of finical legality, hospitably entertained sometimes in the halls of justice. Absent orientation, justicing becomes computering and ceases to be social engineering.
2. The story briefly. Only a woodcut of the profile of the case will do. A unique pro bono publico prosecution was launched by a private complainant, claiming (before us) to be the President of a Youth Organisation devoted to defending Indian cultural standards, inter alia, against the unceasing waves of celluloid anti-culture, arraigning, together with the theatre owner, the producer, actors and photographer of a sensationally captioned and loudly publicised film by name Satyam, Sivam, Sundaram, under Sections 282, 293 and 34 Indian Penal Code (hereinafter referred to as the Penal Code) for alleged punitive prurience, moral depravity and shocking erosion of public decency.
3. Were there serious merit in the charge, a criminal prosecution would serve to sanitize the polluted celluloid, handcuff cinemas running erotic and amok, and become a curial super-censorship of salacious films. Why not? Were it otherwise, the precarious film producer had to face a new menace to public exhibition easily set in motion through the process of the court by any busybody willing to blackmail or wanting to harass, prodded by rival producers. Especially when a special statute (the Cinematograph Act) has set special standards for films for public consumption and created a special board to screen and censor from the angle of public morals and the like with its verdicts being subject to higher review, inexpert criminal courts must be cautious to rush in and, indeed, must fear to tread, lest the judicial process should become a public footpath for any highway man wearing a moral mask holding up a film-maker who has travelled the expensive and perilous journey to exhibition of his certificated picture. Omniscience, if one may adapt a great thought of Justice Holmes, is not the property of a Judge. We pronounce no opinion, at this state, on the merits of the rival stances with reference to the picture Satyam, Sivam, Sundaram.
4. The trial court examined a few witnesses and, thereafter, issued summons to the petitioners who, naturally, were scared by this novel process and rushed for refuge to the High Court. A petition under Section 482 to quash the proceedings was moved. The learned Judge held that a revision under Sec. 397 lay against an order summoning the accused persons. Once the revision petition lies, the petition cannot be entertained under the inherent powers of this court.
5. Therefore, the petition has to be treated as a petition for revision under Section 397 (1) of the Code. A petition under Section 397 (1) of the Code ought to be accompanied by a copy of the order impugned. (See Rule 3-A of Chap. 1-A (b) of Volume V, High Court Rules and Orders of the Punjab High Court, as applicable to Delhi). The original summons filed, are not orders and no revision lies against those s
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