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1988 Supreme(SC) 456

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
E.S. VENKATARAMIAH AND M.M. DUTT, JJ.
Shiv Kumar Sharma, Appellant
Versus
Haryana State Electricity Board, Chandigarh and others, Respondents.
Civil Appeal No. 301 of 1984, D/- 27-7-1988.

Advocates:
P.D.SHARMA, PARMOD DAYAL

Headnote:

Appeal by special leave is directed against the judgment of the Division Bench of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana whereby the High Court dismissed in limine the letters patent appeal preferred by the appellant against the judgment of a learned single Judge of the High Court dismissing the writ petition of the appellant relating to his seniority – Appellant was appointed an Assistant Engineer-II with effect in the Punjab State Electricity Board on probation for two years which ended – After the bifurcation of the Punjab State Electricity Board, the service of the appellant was allocated to the Haryana State Electricity Board, hereinafter referred to as the Board – As a result of a disciplinary proceeding held against the appellant, a minor penalty for the stoppage of one increment without any future effect was imposed on the appellant by the Board. After the expiry of one year, the appellant was, however, given the increment –Held, "Confirmation is one of the inglorious uncertainties of government service depending neither on efficiency of the incumbent nor on the availablity of substantive vacancies – Glaring instance widely known in a part of our country is of a distinguished member of the judiciary who was confirmed as a District Judge years after he was confirmed as a Judge of the High Court – It is on the record of these writ petitions that officiating Deputy Engineers were not confirmed even though substantive vacancies were available in which they could have been confirmed – It shows that confirmation does not have to conform to any set rules and whether an employee should be confirmed or not depends on the sweet will and pleasure of the Government – In the instant case, although the Board found that the appellant had satisfactorily completed his period of probation, yet he was placed below his juniors in the seniority list without any rhyme or reason – There is no explanation why the confirmation of the appellant was deferred – It is, however, submitted on behalf of the Board that after some substantive posts had fallen vacant, the question of confirmation of the appellant and the respondents was taken into consideration – This submission is not supported by any material on record inasmuch as there is nothing to show when these posts had fallen vacant – It is difficult to accept that all these posts had fallen vacant on the same day, that is, court have, therefore, no hesitation in holding that the vacancies had occurred before that day, but the Board did not care to take up the question of confirmation for reasons best known to it – Facts stated hereinabove, disclose that the Board had acted arbitrarily at its sweet will and without any justification whatsoever in making the appellant junior to the respondents who are admittedly juniors in service to the appellant – Appeal allowed.

Judgment

DUTT, J.:- This appeal by special leave is directed against the judgment of the Division Bench of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana whereby the High Court dismissed in limine the letters patent appeal preferred by the appellant against the judgment of a learned single Judge of the High Court dismissing the writ petition of the appellant relating to his seniority.

2. The appellant was appointed an Assistant Engineer-II with effect from June, 10, 1963 in the Punjab State Electricity Board on probation for two years which ended on June, 10, 1965. After the bifurcation of the Punjab State Electricity Board, the service of the appellant was allocated to the Haryana State Electricity Board, hereinafter referred to as the Board. As a result of a disciplinary proceeding held against the appellant, on April 15,1968 a minor penalty for the stoppage of one increment without any future effect was imposed on the appellant by the Board. After the expiry of one year, the appellant was, however, given the increment.

3. Although the probationary period of the appellant was completed on June 10, 1965, he was not confirmed within a reasonable time thereafter. There is also no material to show that his period of probation was extended. In the meantime, some substantive posts of Assistant Engineer Class II, fell vacant and by an order dated March 30, 1970 of the Secretary to the Board, the appellant and the respondents Nos. 2 to 19 were confirmed as Assistant Engineers, Class II. It has been specifically stated in the said order that the officers mentioned therein, that is, the appellant and the respondents Nos. 2 to 19 had satisfactorily completed the probatationary period of two years. It, however, appears from the said order that respondents Nos. 2 to 19 were confirmed in the posts of Assistant Engineers Class II, with effect from April 1, 1969, while the appellant was confirmed in that post with effect from December, 1, 1969. Consequently, the appellants name was placed last of all the confirmed officers. In the seniority list also, the name of the appellant was placed against serial No. 63, that is, below the names of the respondents Nos. 2 to 19, although the seniority list appears to have been prepared on the basis of the respective dates of appointments of the officers. As the appellant was appointed on June 10, 1963, his name should have been placed below the name of Pawan Kumar Aggarwal (Serial No. 45) respondent No. 3 appointed on June 7, 1963 and above the name of Sudesh Kumar Tuli (Serial No. 46) respondent No. 2 appointed on June 21, 1963, but his name was placed below that of Ved Prakash Lalit (Serial No. 62), who was appointed on April 7, 1964. In other words, the names of the respondents Nos. 2 and 4 to 19, who are all juniors to the appellant, were placed above the name of the appellant in the seniority list without any reason whatsoever.

4. Being aggrieved by the impugned order of the Board dated March 30, 1970 and also the seniority list wherein the appellants name has been placed below the names of his juniors, namely, respondents Nos. 2 and 4 to 19, the appellant filed a writ petition before a single Judge of the Punjab and Haryana High Court. As stated already, the learned single Judge dismissed the writ petition, and the letters patent appeal preferred by the appellant against the order of the learned single Judge was also dismissed. Hence this appeal. It may be stated here that respondent No. 4, S.P. Midha, is since dead.

5. The only point that is involved in this appeal is whether the Board was justified in confirming the appointment of the appellant in the post of Assistant Engineer, Class II, with effect from December 1, 1969 and placing him below his juniors namely, respondents Nos. 2 and 4 to 19, in the seniority list. As has been noticed already, there is no material to show why the appellant was confirmed in the post with effect from Dec. 1, 1969, when he had completed his probationary period of two years sat








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