DIPAK MISRA, A.M.SAPRE
Arup Bhuyan – Appellant
Versus
State of Assam – Respondent
What is the impact of reading down a parliamentary legislation in the absence of the Union of India as a party? What is the constitutional validity of Section 3(5) of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987, when interpreted in light of Article 19 of the Constitution of India? What are the implications of the interpretation of Section 3(5) of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987, on Section 10 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967?
Key Points: - Applications for impleadment by the Union of India and review petitions by the State of Assam were filed in criminal appeals [1000703500001]. - The Union of India sought clarification regarding the judgment that read down Section 3(5) of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987 [1000703500002]. - The Division Bench had opined that Section 3(5) could not be read literally as it would violate Articles 19 and 21 of the Constitution and had to be read in light of their observations [1000703500002] (!) . - The Union of India was concerned with the interpretation placed by the Court to save the constitutional validity of provisions by adopting the doctrine of reading down, in its absence [1000703500002] (!) . - The State of Assam filed a review petition on the ground that the interpretation of Section 3(5) of the TADA Act adversely affected the interpretation of Section 10 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 [1000703500002] (!) . - The Union of India argued that reading down a provision without impleading it as a party, especially when constitutional validity was not directly challenged, could cause harm to the State's interest [1000703500004][1000703500009]. - The Union of India contended that foreign authorities relied upon were fundamentally not applicable to the interpretative process of provisions enacted in consonance with the Indian Constitution, specifically referencing Articles 19(1)(c) and 19(4) [1000703500009][1000703500010][1000703500011][1000703500012]. - The State of Assam supported the Union of India's stand, arguing that allowing such an interpretation would facilitate the spread of terrorism and make it difficult for the State to control the menace [1000703500006]. - The Court considered the important issue raised by the Union of India and the State of Assam and deemed it appropriate for the matter to be considered by a larger Bench [1000703500013].
JUDGMENT :
1. Crl. M.P. Nos. 18711 and 18712/2012 have been filed in Criminal Appeal No. 1383/2007 and Crl. M.P. No. 18713/2012 has been filed in Criminal Appeal No. 889/2007. These applications have been filed by the Union of India. Review Petitions (Crl.) No. 426 and 417/2011 have been preferred in Crl.A. No. 889/2007 and Crl.A. No. 1383/2007 respectively by the State of Assam for review of the decision in the criminal appeals mentioned hereinabove.
2. Initially the applications seeking permission to file an application for review by the Union of India were not registered on the ground that the Union of India was not a party to the criminal appeals. The said order was challenged in appeal i.e. Crl. M.P. No. 22124/2011 in Crl.A. No. 1383/2007 & Crl. M.P. No. 22122/2011 in Crl.A. No. 889/2007 wherein the learned Chamber Judge on 9/12/2011 had passed the following order.
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