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2015 Supreme(Kar) 129

HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
A.S. BOPANNA, J.
S.K. GANGADHARA S/O KALE GOWDA – APPELLANT
Vs.
RAMACHANDRA S/O PERSOJI RAO – RESPONDENT
Regular Second Appeal No. 265 of 2011
Decided On : 13.4.2015

Advocates Appeared:
SRI BK MANJUNATH, ADV.
SRI PRASANNA BR, ADV. FOR M/S. M RAMBHAT & SREEPADA ASSTS.

Headnote:CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908 - Order 21, Rules 58, 97 r/w Section 151, Order 38, Rule 5: [A.S. Bopanna, J] Attachment before judgment - Objection of Transferee in Execution Proceedings - Agreement of sale dated 1.7.2004 - Sale deed dated 12.4.2007 - Attachment before judgment in suit for recovery of money by creditor dated 2.7.2004 - Suit filed on 1.7.2004 - Suit decreed on 1.2.2008 - Court sale in execution on 21.2.2009 - Rejection of objections of third party purchaser under sale deed dated 12.4.2007 - Held, in a situation where the transferee comes before the Executing Court as objector under Order 21, Rule 58 of CPC, it is enough if the decree holder-creditor invokes Section 53 of T.P. Act by way of defence and satisfied the ingredients to succeed in securing dismissal of the application though it is a summary proceedings. If the application is rejected, it is for the transferee to avail his remedies against such orders as provided in law. However, on the other hand, even after the decree holder invokes Section 53 of T.P. Act as defence, yet, if the application under Order 21, Rule 58 of CPC is allowed in favour of the transferee and against the decree holder, as a creditor he can still exercise the option of filing a properly constituted suit as provided in the fourth part of Section 53(1) of T.P. Act. Hence, the contention that the validity of the transfer in the light of Section 53 of T.P. Act cannot be considered in the proceedings under Order 21, Rule 58 of CPC but only in a suit under all circumstances cannot be accepted.

        The protection to a creditor under Section 53 of T.P. Act is applicable as rule of justice, equity and good conscience and to seek such benefit one should also approach the Court with clean hands and good conscience. However, having noticed the manner in which the decree holder sought to put forth a make believe case about notifying the transferee about the pendency of the suit and attachment so as to contend that the transfer is not in good faith would disentitle the benefit to the decree holder in the present circumstance. The analysis of the Courts below to come to the conclusion that the notice had been served and as such the transfer is bad is also not justified.

        If fraud is alleged by the creditor, it is to be established by the creditor. It is not the conduct of the transferor we are concerned in the present consideration, but to find out the bona fide of the transfer if he has entered into transaction in good faith and for consideration. The well established legal position is that, however suspicious a transaction may be, the Court’s decision must rest not upon suspicion, but on legal grounds based on evidence. There is such evidence to establish that the transfer with the knowledge of the suit being filed against the transferor had colluded with him in bringing about the transfer. Order of Executing Court rejection of objection was set aside. Applications filed under Order 21, Rules, 58, 59 and 97 CPC were allowed.

JUDGMENT

1. The appellant herein entered into a registered sale agreement dated 01.07.2004, which culminated into a sale deed dated 12.04.2007 under which he purchased the House property No.1092, Khatha No.1066 within the local limits of City Municipality, Bhadravathi from his vendor Sri B.M.Krishna. The respondent herein filed a suit in O.S.No.133/2004 on 01.07.2004 against the said Sri B.M.Krishna for recovery of money. In the said suit the respondent herein also filed an I.A. under Order XXXVIII Rule 5 CPC seeking for attachment of the very same property before judgment. The Court before which the suit was pending, granted the conditional order of attachment on 02.07.2004. The suit was ultimately decreed on 01.02.2008.

2. The respondent herein accordingly levied the execution proceedings in Ex.No.42/2008 against Sri B.M.Krishna, the judgment debtor. Since the aforestated property was already attached, the Executing Court ordered the spot sale on 24.01.2009 and the Court sale on 21.02.2009. It is at that stage the appellant herein who was the owner of the property, claiming knowledge appeared before the Executing Court as objector by filing the application under Order XXI Rules 58 and 97 read with Section 151 CPC. The respondent herein opposed the same. The Executing Court after considering the same, rejected the application by the order dated 31.07.2010. The appellant claiming to be aggrieved was before the Lower Appellate Court in R.A.No.195/2010. On consideration, the Lower Appellate Court has dismissed the appeal by the order dated 18.01.2011. The appellant is therefore before this Court in this second appeal filed under Section 100 of CPC.

3. This Court while admitting the appeal has framed the following substantial question of law:

“Whether attachment of land in question by Court order which is subsequent to the sale agreement would stall the right of purchaser (as per the sale agreement) and what is the effect of subsequent attachment?”

4. Ultimately the consideration would be to the effect as to whether the Lower Appellate Court despite noticing that only Section 64 of CPC was relevant in the instant case, was justified in not properly construing the provision and further was it justified in applying Section 53 of the Transfer of Property Act (‘TP Act’ for short) in the present execution proceedings, though no suit as contemplated in the said provision was filed by the creditor. Even if Section 53 of TP Act is applied, whether on facts the transfer is valid or not.

5. In the above backdrop, I have heard Sri B.K.Manjunath, learned counsel for the appellant and Sri Prasanna.B.R., learned counsel for the respondent and perused the appeal papers including the records received from the Court below.

6. At the outset, to put in perspective the nature of consideration, it is to be kept in view that the appellant is not a party to the suit and the order of attachment is not passed against him, but it is against his vendor in respect of the property which the appellant has purchased. Apart from the fact that the appellant as objector is seeking to contend that he is a bonafide purchaser for consideration, the fact that sale agreement had been entered into, at a point prior to the date of the order of attachment and in that view, what is the legal effect of the same, is also the issue that calls for determination. Therefore, the fact that sale deed is executed on a day subsequent to the date of attachment itself cannot be the only consideration. Whether the order of attachment was within the knowledge of the appellant herein or not is also one of the aspects to be considered.

7. Primarily, what requires consideration is as to whether the transaction under which the appellant has purchased the property falls within the mischief of Section 64 of CPC since what is provided therein is that the transfers which are contrary to the said provision would be void. The provision as contained in Section 64 of CPC reads as hereunder:

“64. Pr









































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