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Supreme Court Sets Stage for Action on Leprosy, Seeks Counsel Input on NHRC Report

New Delhi: The Supreme Court of India has directed all parties in a long-standing Public Interest Litigation (PIL) to collaborate and identify key areas for judicial intervention to eliminate discrimination against persons affected by leprosy. The order marks a significant step towards formulating a concrete action plan based on a comprehensive report submitted by the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).

Case Overview

A Division Bench comprising Hon'ble Mr. Justice Surya Kant and Hon'ble Mr. Justice Joymalya Bagchi was hearing a set of writ petitions, including the lead petition filed by the Federation of Leprosy Organisations (FOLO) against the Union of India and others. The petitions seek to address the systemic discrimination and challenges faced by individuals affected by leprosy, covering issues from medical treatment and rehabilitation to social inclusion.

The NHRC's Comprehensive Advisory

The cornerstone of the hearing on November 12, 2025, was a detailed report submitted by the NHRC. The court noted that the report was a "very comprehensive" document containing an "Advisory on Identification, Treatment, Rehabilitation and Elimination of Discrimination of Persons Affected by Leprosy."

This advisory is expected to guide the next phase of the legal proceedings, providing a structured framework for the Court to issue meaningful and implementable directions to central and state governments.

Court's Directive for Collaborative Action

Instead of immediately issuing directions, the Bench opted for a collaborative approach. The Court ordered:

> "Let the copy of the report be circulated amongst the learned counsel for the parties to enable them to identify the areas which might require judicial intervention and the nature of the directions that this Court may eventually be required to issue."

To facilitate this process, the Bench instructed senior counsel and other lawyers involved to exchange notes and submit their respective suggestions.

States to Report on Action Taken

In a move to ensure accountability and gather up-to-date information, the Court also directed all State counsel to submit "brief action taken reports" on the issue. These reports are to be sent to Ms. Rashmi Nandakumar, counsel for the petitioners in W.P.(C) No.1151/2017, who will collate the information and present it to the Court.

Final Decision and Implications

The matter has been listed for further consideration on December 17, 2025 .

The Court's procedural order signals its intent to move beyond identifying problems to crafting effective judicial remedies. By tasking the legal representatives of all stakeholders—petitioners, the Union, and various States—with the responsibility of synthesizing the NHRC report into actionable legal suggestions, the Supreme Court is paving the way for a holistic and enforceable judgment aimed at protecting the dignity and rights of persons affected by leprosy.