Refund Must for Medical Seat Resignation Before Second Counseling Deadline Despite Technicalities: Allahabad High Court - 2025-04-21

Allahabad High Court Orders Refund of Medical Admission Fees, Prioritizes Substance Over Form in Resignation Rules

Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh – In a significant ruling for medical aspirants, the Allahabad High Court has directed F.H. Medical College, Agra, to refund a substantial portion of fees to a student, Shivangi Sharma , who resigned from her allotted seat after securing a seat in another institution during the second round of counseling. Justice ManishMathur presided over the case (Writ - C No. - 6606 of 2023) and emphasized the principle of preventing unjust enrichment, ensuring that educational institutions do not retain fees for services not rendered.

Case Background: Seeking Fee Refund After College Change

The petitioner, Shivangi Sharma , participated in the National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (NEET) for undergraduate medical programs in 2022. She was initially allotted F.H. Medical College, Agra, in the first counseling round. Simultaneously , she was also in consideration for NIMS University, Jaipur, in the general category counseling. Before the Jaipur counseling concluded, F.H. Medical College was allotted to her.

Subsequently, on November 26, 2022, Sharma secured a seat at NIMS University, Jaipur, in the second counseling round. Prior to this, she had submitted a resignation letter, dated either November 13 or November 17, 2022, to F.H. Medical College, expressing dissatisfaction with the allotted college and requesting a refund of her deposited fees, amounting to Rs. 8,25,000 along with a security deposit of Rs. 2,00,000.

Arguments Presented: Clash Over Government Order Interpretation

Counsel for the petitioner, relying on paragraph 7(a) of the Government Order (GO) dated October 21, 2022, argued that Sharma was entitled to a refund. This clause pertains to students who resign from a seat allotted in the first counseling after securing a seat in another counseling (All India or other state).

The respondent, represented by counsel for opposite party no. 2 (presumably F.H. Medical College), contested this, arguing that the petitioner's resignation was submitted on November 17, 2022, and should fall under the second proviso of paragraph 7(a) of the same GO, which seemingly has different implications for refunds.

Court's Analysis: Reading Down Mandatory Conditions for Fairness

The court delved into the provisions of paragraph 7 of the GO dated 21.10.2022, noting its intention to facilitate fee refunds when students change colleges between counseling rounds. While acknowledging that paragraph 7(a) mandates specific conditions for resignation and refund – including stating reasons and providing proof of second counseling allotment at the time of resignation – Justice Mathur interpreted these conditions as directory rather than strictly mandatory, especially when the student's intent and subsequent actions are clear.

The judgment stated: "In the considered opinion of this Court, although it has been couched in mandatory terms... such a mandatory condition can be read down to be directory in nature particularly in case where the student subsequently also indicates allotment of a seat in the second counselling and indicates reasons for forsaking the allotment made in the first counselling."

The court reasoned that the essence of fee deposition is for the education imparted. If a student resigns before receiving education, retaining the entire fee would constitute "unjust enrichment" for the college.

Further emphasizing the point, the court noted, "It is the opinion of this Court, that fees deposited by a student is as a quid pro quo for studies imparted to such student. This is more so, as in the present case where subsequent rounds of counselling including mop up rounds of counselling have taken place."

The court found that despite any technical discrepancies in the timing of the resignation letter and the formal allotment in the second counseling, the petitioner had clearly indicated her reasons for resignation and ultimately secured a seat in the second round. The court dismissed the applicability of the second proviso to paragraph 7(a), as it pertains to situations where a student doesn't secure a seat in the second counseling.

Decision and Implications: Justice Prevails , Refund Mandated

Ultimately, the Allahabad High Court ruled in favor of Shivangi Sharma . A writ of Mandamus was issued, compelling opposite party no. 2 (F.H. Medical College, Agra) to refund the permissible amount as per paragraph 7(a) of the Government Order dated 21.10.2022 within two weeks of receiving a certified copy of the order.

This judgment clarifies that while procedural guidelines exist, the underlying principle of fairness and preventing unjust enrichment should guide their interpretation, especially in matters of education and fee refunds. It offers relief to students seeking to change colleges after the first counseling round and ensures that educational institutions cannot unjustly retain fees when no educational service has been provided.